According to a report by the “Daily Mail” on February 19, “chronic wasting disease” (CWD) is a contagious neurological disease that kills almost all infected animals and has affected deer across the United States. It spread quickly among the group.
The disease, caused by viruses called prions, is caused by misfolded proteins, that is, proteins that do not fold into the correct shape. After infection, prions can spread throughout the central nervous system, leaving prion deposits in brain tissue and organs.
Recent research shows that prions have the ability to infect and multiply human cells under laboratory conditions, increasing the likelihood of transmission to humans. Prions in the natural environment may cause altered characteristics, and humans may become infected by eating infected venison or coming into contact with contaminated soil and water.
Infected animals can take more than a year to show symptoms, which can include dramatic weight loss, stumbling and listlessness.
Prions are also known as “zombie deer disease” because they cause parts of the brain to slowly degenerate into a spongy consistency, with animals drooling and staring blankly before dying. There is currently no treatment or vaccine.
The exact transmission route of the virus is not fully understood, but it is generally believed that it may be transmitted between animals through consumption of fodder or water contaminated by infected feces, or contact with carcasses.
The virus is currently thought to only infect animals such as deer, elk, reindeer and moose. Because the disease is so contagious, any deer that dies on a farm must be tested for the virus. If one deer tests positive, the entire herd on the farm is considered infected.
In 2023, 68 researchers from around the world began to study what would happen if the virus mutated and infected humans.
“The bottom line is that humans are unprepared for this,” said Michael Osterholm, an infectious disease expert at the University of Minnesota and an authority on chronic wasting disease. If the virus begins to mutate and infect humans, The situation will deteriorate rapidly and there will be no plan to deal with it.
The team is preparing for potential outbreaks by improving laboratory capabilities, diagnostics, surveillance and education, as humans are already exposed to infected deer through hunting and consumption. Tens of thousands of infected animals have been eaten by humans over the past few years, and although there have been no cases yet, the virus can withstand high temperatures and disinfectants, making it nearly impossible to kill.
In September 2022, researchers at the University of Calgary published a study showing that there is a real risk of the “chronic wasting disease” prion being transmitted to humans.
“We know from mad cow disease (also known as bovine spongiform encephalopathy, or BSE) that prion diseases can span Transmission barrier from animals to humans.”
“During the mad cow disease crisis, the virus was transmitted to humans through contaminated meat or food and resulted in a novel human prion disease called variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease.”
Because deer are so important to First Nations, many tribal groups in Minnesota are working with experts to brainstorm ways to manage the disease. Osterholm and his team also recently received more than $1.5 million in funding to study the potential for chronic wasting disease to be transmitted to humans or livestock.
The virus was first discovered in captive deer in Colorado in 1967, but has now spread to at least 31 states and has been found in animals in four Canadian provinces and four other countries.
Other prion diseases, including mad cow disease, have killed more than 200 people, according to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.
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2024-02-21 11:34:57
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