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Many women in Japan live long lives.
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Nationalgeographic.co.id—If you feel that your brothers tend to die faster than your sisters, you are not alone. Around the world, women live longer on average than men. So why do women tend to live longer than men?
The two main causes are biological, said Virginia Zarulli, a professor of demography at the University of Southern Denmark. The first cause relates to differences hormone sex, at least for cisgender people, i.e. those whose gender identity matches the gender biological determined at birth.
Cisgender women produce more estrogen and less testosterone than cisgender men. Estrogen provides protection against various diseases, such as cardiovascular disease, according to a 2017 study in the journal Biology of Sex Differences.
High testosterone levels, on the other hand, have been linked to an increased risk of several diseases, such as endometrial cancer and breast cancer in women and prostate cancer in men, according to a 2020 study in the journal. Nature Medicine. Testosterone has also been linked to risky behavior and higher levels of aggression, which can increase the risk of dying at a younger age, Zarulli said.
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