KOMPAS.com – Blood pressure is one of the most important things to consider during pregnancy.
If it gets out of hand, fine low blood pressure (hypotension) as well high blood pressure (hypertension) can endanger the health of pregnant women and the babies they are carrying.
Compared to hypotension, hypertension may be seen to be much more common in pregnancy.
Also read: What is Normal Blood Pressure in Adults?
Launch Mayo Clinic, high blood pressure during pregnancy can pose a variety of risks that are well known to pregnant women.
This may include:
1. Blood flow decreases to the placenta
Yet if the placenta is not getting enough blood, the unborn baby may receive less oxygen and fewer nutrients.
This can cause slow growth (intrauterine growth restriction), low birth weight, or preterm birth.
Premature birth on its own can cause breathing problems, an increased risk of infection and other complications in the baby.
2. Placental abruption
Preeclampsia caused by high blood pressure in pregnant women can increase the risk of placental abruption, in which the placenta detaches from the inner wall of the uterus before childbirth.
Severe solutions can cause heavy bleeding, which can be life-threatening to both the pregnant mother and the unborn child.
Also read: Recognize 9 Danger Signs in Newborns
3. Baby growth slows or decreases
Hypertension proven to also cause pregnancy complications in the form of slowed or decreased baby’s growth (intrauterine growth retardation).
4. Injury to other organs of pregnant women
Uncontrolled hypertension can cause injury to the brain, heart, lungs, kidneys, liver and other major organs. In severe cases, this can be life threatening.
5. Premature labor
Sometimes early delivery is needed to prevent potentially life-threatening complications when pregnant women have high blood pressure during pregnancy.
6. Cardiovascular disease in the future
Preeclampsia due to hypertension can increase the risk of heart and blood vessel (cardiovascular) disease in the future.
Also read: What Is Normal Cholesterol In The Blood?
The risk of pregnant women developing cardiovascular disease in the future is higher if they have had preeclampsia more than once or have had premature birth due to having high blood pressure during pregnancy.
Therefore, during pregnancy, every pregnant woman is recommended to routinely control her womb, one of which is to ensure normal blood pressure.
So, how many normal blood pressure to a pregnant mother?
Summarizing various sources, normal blood pressure in pregnant women is basically not much different from the condition of adults in general.
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), normal blood pressure reading in adults alone is 120/80 mmHg.
The number 120 mmHg represents systolic pressure, which is the pressure when the heart pumps blood around the body.
Meanwhile, the number 80 mmHg shows the diastolic pressure, which is the pressure when the heart relaxes and receives blood returning from the rest of the body.
Also read: What is the Normal Level of Triglycerides in the Blood?
A person can be diagnosed with low blood pressure or hypotension if the blood pressure reading is below 90/60 mmHg.
On the other hand, a blood pressure reading above 140/90 mmHg in pregnancy can indicate high blood pressure.
Launch Medical News Today, American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) states that a pregnant woman’s blood pressure should also be in a healthy range of around 120/80 mmHg.
Causes of abnormal blood pressure in pregnant women
Hypertensive conditions and hypotheses in pregnant women have their respective causes.
Launch Health LineIn pregnancy, hypertension can be classified into two main categories, namely chronic hypertension and pregnancy-related hypertension.
Chronic hypertension refers to high blood pressure that occurs before pregnancy. Pregnant women can also be diagnosed with this condition if they have hypertension during the first 20 weeks of pregnancy. Pregnant women may still have the condition after giving birth.
Also read: 9 Causes of High Blood to Watch Out for
Meanwhile, high blood pressure disorders associated with pregnancy generally develop after the first 20 weeks of pregnancy.
A 2016 review published in the Journal Integrated Blood Pressure Control demonstrated that age, obesity, and underlying health problems appear to contribute to pregnancy-related hypertension.
Although this condition usually goes away after giving birth, pregnant women still have the risk of being able to continue experiencing it.
Meanwhile, the incidence of hypotension in pregnant women can be directly related to pregnancy.
This occurs because the mother’s circulatory system develops during pregnancy to accommodate the fetus.
When blood circulation expands, pregnant women may experience a slight drop in blood pressure.
According to American Heart Association (AHA), hypotension occurs most frequently during the first 24 weeks of pregnancy. However, this amount of drop in blood pressure is usually not significant enough to cause concern.
Hypotension in pregnant women can also be caused by:
- Dehydration
- Diabetes
- Low blood sugar
- Heart problem
- Thyroid problems
- A severe allergic reaction
- Loss of blood
- Infection
- Malnutrition, especially deficiencies of folic acid, vitamin B, and vitamin D.
Also read: 10 Foods That Are High In Vitamin D.
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