Fenbendazole is an effective anthelmintic medication that is used against many categories of flatworms, roundworms, and hookworms in animals. This type of medication is cheap and can be synthesized easily. Recent series of events have proven that Fenbendazole can be highly effective against cancer. This is a chemical molecule that is readily non-soluble in water. Most often, it can be provided as a creamy powder or a non-higroscopic white. Furthermore, Fenbendazole can be mixed up to become a part of vegetarian capsules. When in capsule form, it can be made in dosages of 444mg or 222mg. Alternatively it can be made into the form of a tablet of 500mg or 150mg which delivers a more pleasurable way of consuming the medication. [1]
This is from the benzimidazole class (check Fig.1) of the organic compounds, similar to other common antiparasitic mebendazole drugs (for use by humans), albendazole (for use by humans), flubendazole (for use on animals and humans), oxfendazole (only for use on animals), parbendazole (to be used on animals) as well as Nocodazole, the anticancer drug. It is important to state here that all of these various classes of benzimidazole molecules (when used along with other medications or used alone) can kill off cancerous cells and not just only Nocodazole.
The Benzimidazole heterocyclic scaffold-like structure is a commonly used structural motif that can be applied to all the Benzimidazole drugs discussed above. All structures that bear Benzimidazole can be synthesized relatively easily. The structural motif of the drug is usually known to enhance the drug capabilities of these chemical compounds, this could equip them better
Several experimental anticancer medications such as abemaciclib (an inhibitor against cell cycles in patients with metastatic breast cancer) also with Bendamustine (a DNA-alkylating medication, which is used against severe lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL), multiple myeloma, and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma) which is also of the same category as (Benzimidazole) type of compounds, but have a mechanism for anticancer that is different from those of anthelmintic benzimidazole’s.
Fenbendazole also with other types of anthelmintic benzimidazoles will also shut out functional microtubules from forming. These functional microtubules are part of the most essential cytoskeleton structure of any type of the eukaryotic cell can be used to define the shape of the cell. A lot of popular chemicals along with many other formal chemotherapy drugs like Paclitaxel, Vinblastine, Docetaxel, Vincristine, Colchicine (useful for molecular biology), and podophyllotoxin (a precursor to Etoposide).
Similarly, Fenbendazole functions through the inhibition of alternative essential pathways – activates p53, the most significant molecule for anticancer (1993’s molecule of the year) as well as inhibiting many enzymes that are precursors for glycolysis, and uptake of glucose. This means that Fenbendazole performs a dual function of cytostatic ( inhibits cancer growth) and cytotoxic (to kill off cancerous cells).
As a result of promising clinical results that have been confirmed in various independent laboratories (numerous scientific publications that are about the anticancer effects of Fenbendazole), numerous ongoing clinical tests, and independent miraculous stories of recovery from patients of cancer, Fenbendazole is currently being evaluated as a repurposed drug (in India only for now) to formally be used as a treatment against cancer and also be used as an element of the ReDo (Repurposing Drugs in Oncology) scheme.
For people who are enthusiastic about medical procedures, as well as others who are open-minded, the use of Fenbendazole is a fast-growing method that can be used to improve healthy people’s health (who once had cancer) to stop them from ever experiencing a cancer relapse. It can also be used as a prophylactic treatment to stop healthy people from ever becoming infected with cancer. Additionally, it can also be used to cure (frequently through complemental chemotherapies) various forms of cancer among oncology patients.
It is important to mention that the bioavailability, uptake, and solubility as applicable to oral Fenbendazole is wholly limited. There could be a speculation that the absence of reactions observed with scientific studies involving Fenbendazole or in cases of human cancer may have been an outcome of a false negative, which is caused by the poor absorption of the Fenbendazole ingested instead of a true absence of an antineoplastic activity. Also, special cases of liposome-related nanoformulations and formulations may have a better activity that is about 10 times (the activity is measured through its improved toxicity as they affect parasites and not cancer), therefore we need more scientific studies in this discipline to create a non-toxic, viable and conveniently used Fenbendazole formulations and other anticancer drugs such as Niclosamide which are poorly soluble.
The use of Fenbendazole as a potential utility for cancer treatment: The scientific and medical facts.
Fenbendazole is used to destabilise the microtubules from cancer cells. It does this through enhancing tubulin polymerisation. There is a suggestion from the studies that Fenbendazole could attach to the tubulin in the same area of a molecule as Colchicine would normally do. Fenbendazole effects on microtubules come with a milder effect in comparison to Niclosamide, the known anticancer agent. However, it can have a more serious effect compared to Taxol. [2]
Fenbendazole will usually inhibit cancer cells from developing because it inhibits the cycles of the cell. In a mechanism that is still unknown, Fenbendazole carries out an arrest of the cell cycle during the mitotic stage of the A49 strain of the lung cancer cells of the non-small cell. Because of this type of diversity in the cell cycle, the cancer cells begin to die through a phenomenon known as Apoptosis molecular machinery.
Fenbendazole induces the expression of the most essential gene P53, as well as the activated Kinase protein p21 which is dependent on cyclin that is used to regulate the cycle of the cell. These effects are used to promote apoptosis of cancerous cells. It is usually speculated that because of this exact mechanism of cell killing, which is characteristic of cancer (inhibits the cell cycles in precancerous cells and makes them apoptotic), cells affected with cancer are targeted and severely killed when compared to normal cells would.
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References
Duan, Q., Liu, Y., & Rockwell, S. (2013). Fenbendazole as a potential anticancer drug. Anticancer research, 33(2), 355–362. Retrieved from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3580766/?report=classic
Wikimedia Foundation. (2022, March 4). Fenbendazole. Wikipedia. Retrieved March 7, 2022, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fenbendazole
