– Vomiting including health problems experienced by many people. Starting from children, adults, to the elderly. Usually vomiting occurs in environmental conditions that have unclean water sanitation.
Some people often confuse vomiting and diarrhea because of the similarity in symptoms. To find out the difference, detikBali has summarized the meaning, causes and symptoms of vomiting. Immediately, see the article below.
Meaning of Muntaber
Reported by the Book of Implementation of the School Health Business Program (UKS) in Elementary Schools by Media Sains Indonesia, vomiting or gastroenteritis is an inflammatory bowel disease caused by viruses, bacteria or other parasites such as fungi. Vomiting can also be caused by food or drink poisoning that contains bacteria to chemicals. The bacteria that often causes vomiting is Escherichia coli bacteria.
Vomiting is often equated with diarrhea. In general, this health problem is similar to diarrhea and is not dangerous, but you still need to be careful, especially when it affects children because it can cause dehydration.
Causes of Vomiting
The cause of vomiting is influenced by various factors. Quoting from the myclevelandclinic.org site, the causes of vomiting include the following.
1. Virus infection
Viral infection is one of the most common causes of vomiting. Viruses that are often the cause are Norovirus, Rotavirus, Astovirus, and Adenovirus.
The mode of transmission can also be through consumption of contaminated food or drink. In addition, direct contact with someone who is infected with the virus is also a cause of transmission.
2. Bacterial infection
Types of bacteria that can cause vomiting include Escherichia coli, Vibrio cholerae, Clostridium difficile, Campylobacter, Shigella, Salmonella, Staphylococcus, and Yersinia. The bacteria can spread through food that is not cooked thoroughly or milk that is not pasteurized.
3. Parasite Infection
Finally, vomiting can occur due to parasitic infections. Some types of parasites include Entamoeba histolytica, Giardia, Crystosporidium, and Cyclospora cayetanensis.
This parasite is often found in food or drink that is not cooked thoroughly. Apart from the infections above, vomiting can also occur due to pregnancy, lactose intolerance, or certain medications.
Symptoms of Vomiting
The main symptom of vomiting is diarrhea. However, some other symptoms to watch for include the following.
1. Fever
Fever is the body’s natural response when fighting infections that cause vomiting. This condition is usually characterized by increased body temperature and excessive sweating.
2. Nausea and Vomiting
Usually people with vomiting will experience nausea when the virus begins to infect the stomach wall and intestinal lining. This infection triggers the digestive organs to produce more fluids, thus making the stomach feel uncomfortable.
3. Headache and Body ache
The next symptom is headache and body. When the body is fighting an infection, the body’s response experienced by many people is headaches and body aches.
4. Dehydration
People with vomiting also often experience dehydration due to diarrhea. Due to the increased frequency of defecation, fluid in the body will decrease drastically. So it is important for people with vomiting to meet the needs of body fluids to avoid dehydration.
5. Stool Abnormalities
The final symptom is an abnormality in the stool. Stool texture usually becomes softer and even runny like water due to infection which causes the intestine to be unable to absorb food and water properly.
How to treat vomiting
Quoted from the site niddk.nih.gov, the most important things to do when experiencing vomiting are as follows.
- Consuming ORS fluids
- Consume easily digestible foods
- Consuming certain drugs
- Adequate sleep and rest
- Meet the needs of body fluids.
If vomiting does not go away, see a doctor or health professional immediately to find a solution and further treatment.
How to Prevent Vomiting
The way to prevent vomiting is to prevent contamination or the growth of the germs that cause vomiting. Quoted from My Cleveland Clinic, here’s how to prevent vomiting.
- Wash your hands regularly to avoid bacteria sticking to your hands
- Maintain intake of food consumed
- The use of clean water for daily activities, especially drinking water
- Keeping the house and surroundings clean
- Keeping eating and drinking utensils clean
- Wash all food ingredients before entering the cooking process
The difference between Vomiting and Diarrhea
From the definitions and symptoms of vomiting above, it can be concluded that vomiting and diarrhea are two different health problems. Vomiting is a condition in which a person experiences diarrhea followed by vomiting.
Quoting from the Mayo Clinic page, diarrhea is defecation in the form of liquid feces with a frequency of more than 3 times a day. Diarrhea that lasts less than 2 weeks is known as acute diarrhea. Meanwhile, diarrhea that lasts 2 weeks or more is classified as chronic diarrhea. So the difference between diarrhea and vomiting lies in the symptoms. Diarrhea itself is not accompanied by vomiting like vomiting.
That is information about vomiting that must be known by detikers. Hopefully this is useful and keep it clean so you don’t get diarrhea.
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