Although Jupiter is a gas planet without a solid surface, the mass of the giant planet is 318 times larger than that of the earth. Geological analyzes indicate that the volcanic activity is due to the gravitational force to which the giant planet exposes its moon.
Jupiter’s mass pulls and tears so much in Europe that the moon’s interior stretches and cracks. The movements create frictional heat, and this internal heat is the reason why only the outermost layer of Europe’s seas is covered by ice.
But gravity can do much more than just keep the ocean afloat. At the poles, it wears so hard in the rocks of the bedrock that the material becomes liquid, and so-called hydrothermal spring water can also occur.
There, minerals roll up from the bedrock in a stream of warm water. The phenomenon is recognizable from the depths of the earth’s oceans, and down there extreme organisms flourish, which can survive completely without light and oxygen.
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