Experts have created the likely face of Jan Žižka in digital form so far. They used forensic scientific procedures based on the research of the so-called Čáslav calva, i.e. a part of the skull that is believed to be the authentic remains of the warlord. Tomáš Svoboda, spokesman for the South Bohemian Museum, which participated in the research, informed about it. The method that the researchers used is called structural approximation, i.e. approximation of the face. Using this method, experts have previously compiled the faces of three Přemyslovians from Olomouc.
Resultant face images Scientists present Jan Žižka in two variants. In the first case, it is a fully objective image without small facial details that scientists know nothing about. Therefore, the image is only in gray, with closed eyes and without hair and beard.
“The second painting shows a full face in color, supplemented by a number of speculative details, such as the color of the eyes, hair and skin, hairstyle, etc. This last stage of the reconstruction of the faces is already largely an artistic contribution. We have no information about them even from written sources, they arose from an interdisciplinary discussion of anthropologists, archaeologists and historians,” said Jiří Šindelář, a geoinformatics scientist from the non-governmental non-profit research organization Naše historie, which led the research.
So far, it is only a digital model that could be converted into a real model, sculptures made of different materials, for example by 3D printing, Šindelář added.
Cicero da Costa Moraes, 3D designer, ARC team Brazil, Matěj Šindelář, specialist in 3D photogrammetry from the organization Naše historie, archaeologist Zuzana Thomová from the South Bohemian Museum, director of the Hussite Museum in Tábor Jakub Smrčka, Brazilian surgeon Thiago Beaini and Italian anthropologist Francesco Maria Galassi. They created Žižek’s face in 14 days, on Friday, October 11, it is 600 years since his death.
This team used a digital model of Žižka’s entire skull, which was created in 2014 based on a part of the skull. They discovered it in 1910 during the reconstruction of the church of St. Peter and Paul in Čáslav.
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The method of structural approximation is the procedure of forensic reconstruction based on the skull, it was created during the study and attempt to approximate the face of St. Ludmila. It is based on statistical analysis of tomographic scans of living people and digital models of skulls from archaeological research around the world.
The structural approximation method was published by scientists in 2022 in professional journals. “Then we started getting calls from doctors and surgeons asking if it could be used in medicine, for example with people after accidents who lost a piece of their skull. And today many cases are published where doctors around the world have performed specific operations on people, when which, thanks to these procedures, designed special prosthetics, i.e. replacements,” added Šindelář. Structural approximation is used by specialists in criminology and medicine.
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