What is thrombosis and how does it appear
Thrombosis is a condition in which blood clots (thrombi) form in the circulatory system, which interfere with the normal flow of blood, which can lead to serious consequences. They can cause impaired blood circulation, blockage of blood vessels, damage to the walls of blood vessels, heart attacks, strokes, and even gangrene.
Why is thrombosis dangerous?
In thrombosis, the blood becomes thick, and this thick clot can block the blood vessel. Main danger thrombosis is that a blood clot can break off and enter the lungs with blood, causing a complication – pulmonary embolism (PE).
What affects thrombosis
Vascular damage. Any damage to the vascular wall, such as trauma, surgery, or infection, can lead to thrombosis. Damaged vessel walls provide a “platform” for the formation of a blood clot. Deceleration of blood flow: blood clots (thrombi) accumulate where the speed of blood flow changes. Changes in blood viscosity when the balance between the coagulation and anticoagulation systems of the blood is disturbed.
Additional risk factors:
Age over 40 years: the older the person, the higher the risk of thrombosis. Predisposition to the occurrence of a blood clot. Some people are genetically susceptible to thrombosis. For example, such a pathology is the presence of mutations in the genes associated with the blood coagulation system – this can increase the likelihood of a blood clot in the vessels. Long periods without movement. Sitting or standing still for more than four hours (for example, during long flights or postoperative conditions) can lead to blood stasis and increase the risk of blood clots. This condition is known as Economy Class Syndrome. The name is due to the fact that long flights in an uncomfortable economy class seat have a special effect on the body, when it is impossible to stretch your legs, stretch, restore blood flow and take a comfortable position. The use of oral contraceptives and hormone therapy. Women who take oral contraceptives containing estrogens, as well as hormonal agents, should consult a gynecologist about the possible risk of thrombosis. Varicose veins. The main complications of varicose veins are phlebitis, thrombophlebitis, widespread thrombosis, pulmonary embolism. Pregnancy and the postpartum period. Against the background of changes in the hormonal background, compression of the pelvic veins by an enlarged uterus, imbalance in the blood coagulation system, pathological thrombosis in the veins may develop. The presence of oncological diseases, severe infectious diseases.
It is important to note that these factors do not always lead to thrombosis, but may increase the likelihood of occurrence. Bad habits, lack of proper sports load, malnutrition – these factors cause the development of many pathologies, one of which is thrombosis.
How to treat thrombosis
Treatment of thrombosis should include the use of anticoagulant drugs, which help prevent further clots from forming and destroying existing ones. The dosage and specific drug is prescribed by the doctor after the examination.
Prevention of thrombosis
Regular exercise and mobility improve blood circulation and prevent blood stasis. Move more during the day, go for a run, ride a bike, do yoga, do regular exercises. Avoid prolonged immobility. Try to take breaks and do exercises to activate blood circulation. It is not recommended to stand up during traffic, but if you do at least five squats in the aisle of an airplane or train, it will help restore blood circulation. If you work in an office, you can walk while talking on a mobile phone. Every 45 minutes to an hour, do a light workout. If your office has stairs, skip the elevator. Maintain a healthy weight and watch your diet. Fruits and vegetables, lean meat, fish are a great solution for every day. Avoid fried and smoked foods. Follow the recommendations of experts. If you have an increased risk of developing thrombosis, your doctor can give you the best advice to help prevent blood clots in your lower extremity veins.
What is Economy Class Syndrome?
One risk factor for developing deep vein thrombosis is the rate at which blood flow in the veins decreases due to prolonged immobility. Most often, “economy class syndrome” can be encountered during long flights, when uncomfortable posture is a significant risk factor for vein clamping and blood clots.
What to do so that your legs do not swell while traveling
Choose comfortable shoes for travel, wide, so that they do not squeeze the feet and do not disturb normal blood circulation. Give preference to shoes with orthopedic insoles – even during long flights, they will support the arches of the foot, normalize blood flow, and the legs will not swell and get tired. In flight, it is worth refusing shoes with a narrow front or flat soles.
Due to a long static sitting in transport, swelling, fatigue in the legs, pain by the end of the trip may appear. Be sure to take it with you in hand luggage, before flying, traveling by car or on a train, wear compression stockings, stockings or tights. This is a great option to restore normal blood flow, even if you spend many hours without movement: due to distributed compression, compression stockings help eliminate swelling, help prevent fatigue and heaviness in the legs at the end of a long flight or long journey.
Of course, before a long trip, it is better to give up fatty, salty foods, flour, fast food, alcohol or sweet carbonated drinks – it is better to adhere to the principles of proper nutrition. Any extra gram of salt can cause edema. Choose fruits and vegetables: lean meats for pre-road meals. Drink enough water along the way so that the body does not accumulate it, feeling dehydrated, but do not get drunk before the road so that there is no glut.
There are two points to make about travel posture: if you have the opportunity, get an orthopedic pillow for the trip. It will keep your head in the correct position if you decide to rest. And, even if you are tired, try not to bend your legs under you or sit in a cross-legged position: they slow down blood flow, which can cause thrombosis.
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2023-09-04 17:57:00
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