“Melioid disease or melioidosis.” The English language is Melioidosis This is an infection with a Gram-negative bacterium named “Burkholderia pseudomallei” which is often found in contaminated soil and water in tropical countries such as Thailand. It is considered an area with a relatively high number of infected people. Especially in the northeastern region But there are more and more being found in every region. And there are reports of this disease almost all over the world. This bacterium can spread in both humans and animals. In animals, it is often found in cattle, sheep, pigs, horses, dogs and cats.
Contact
Contact with contaminated water and soil is the most common.
Inhaling dust or water droplets that are contaminated with germs Just like crows drinking contaminated water. May cause disease.
It is seldom found to be transmitted from person to person.
Incubation period
The incubation period for the disease ranges from a few days. Until several decades have passed, but most of them after being infected Symptoms usually appear within 2-4 weeks.
Signs and symptoms
There will be a variety of symptoms. Some people do not have clear symptoms. A number of symptoms may warrant separation from tuberculosis. or various pneumonia infections
Symptoms of infection are divided into the following main ones:
Local infection There will be pain or swelling around the wound where the infection entered. Scars may form. or an abscess Some people may have a fever along with a lung infection. They will have a cough, chest pain, headache, and not being able to eat much. If they have a fever, it is usually a high fever and an infection in the bloodstream. They usually have a fever, headache, difficulty breathing, abdominal distension, and joint pain. In some cases There may be confusion about the spread of the infection. Often there is fever, weight loss, abdominal or chest pain, headaches, and infection in the central nervous system. Or even have a seizure
Who is at risk for melioidosis?
Research from many sources has found that People with these diseases are at higher risk than the general population, including diabetes, chronic liver disease. chronic kidney disease cystic fibrosis Blood diseases, thalassemia and various types of cancer
Diagnosis of melioidosis
Because the symptoms are not specific Therefore making diagnosis from symptoms not easy.
There are several methods of diagnosis, such as blood culture. Immunological examination Testing by analyzing genetic material, etc.
Treatment of melioidosis
There are antibiotics that can be treated with injections such as saphtasidime, meropenem, which should be given in the early stages of the disease, and oral medications such as trimethoprim, sulfamethoxamine, or amoxiclavula. Nick includes people with severe symptoms who should receive injections.
Protection is as follows:
1. Be careful when wading in standing water. Or swim in natural water sources such as canals and ponds, excluding areas that may be contaminated with germs.
2. Be careful of touching soil and water in areas with a lot of infection. It is recommended to wear boots.
3. Be careful of food that may be contaminated, such as street food or some stalls. where there is improper hygiene, there are animals in the area where food is cooked or dishes are washed
If you suspect that you may have melioidosis. You should consult your doctor and public health personnel. in order to receive diagnosis and treatment immediately
Resources
Dr. Rapeepan Rattanawongnara Mord Department of Infectious Diseases Department of Internal Medicine Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital Mahidol University
2023-10-26 23:19:00
#melioidosis #infectious #disease #common #rainy #season
