[스포츠서울] Guillain-Barré syndrome is an autoimmune disease in which the body’s immune system attacks and damages peripheral nerves. It is a rare disease that occurs in about one in 100,000 people every year and mainly affects the cranial and peripheral nerves.
Guillain-Barre syndrome causes inflammation (polyneuritis) in the nerves, weakens muscles, and often progresses to Frank paralysis. Because of this, when you contract this disease, your leg strength suddenly becomes weak, you cannot move, and you experience pain. In particular, symptoms appear very quickly after onset, regardless of gender, at any age.
Although the exact cause of Guillain-Barré syndrome is not known, it is believed to be caused by the destruction of the tissue called myelin sheath that surrounds the outside of nerve cells. Such peripheral nervous system damage appears to follow the pathogenesis mechanism of autoimmune diseases. It is known that most patients have respiratory diseases, including colds, or mild gastrointestinal diseases 1 to 3 weeks before the syndrome appears. Alternatively, it may develop after vaccination, trauma, or surgery.
Guillain-Barre syndrome is characterized by inflammatory lesions on the motor nerves that move muscles, which are among the peripheral nerves, which usually start in the lower extremities and move up to the torso and arms, and ascending paralysis occurs in which respiratory and facial muscles necessary for breathing become insensitive or paralyzed. It is mainly accompanied by paresthesia, numbness, tingling or stinging sensation, feeling as if bugs are crawling under the skin, and pain.
Additionally, the internal muscles controlled by the autonomic nervous system may become weak, making it difficult to swallow food, and if the heart muscle is affected, tachycardia or bradycardia may appear, and high blood pressure or postural hypotension may also appear. In addition, changes in body temperature, vision changes affecting the nerves that control the eye muscles, and bladder dysfunction may occur.
If you experience symptoms of Guillain-Barré syndrome as a side effect after vaccination, you should get a checkup immediately. The knee reflex, which is a deep tendon reflex (a reflex phenomenon in which the muscle connected to this tendon contracts immediately when the tendon of the muscle is lightly struck), has been lost, and to confirm the diagnosis, a lumbar puncture (fluid injection necessary for the diagnosis of nervous system disease) has been lost. A cerebrospinal fluid test (which involves inserting a needle into the subarachnoid space for the purpose of collection or drug injection), a nerve conduction test, and an electromyography test are necessary.
To avoid confusion with other neurological diseases, detailed imaging tests, pathological tests using blood, or nerve tissue tests may be necessary. In the case of Guillain-Barré syndrome, plasmapheresis, immunoglobulin injections, and immunosuppressants are used as treatments, but it is difficult to expect a fundamental therapeutic effect. Rather, electrical stimulation therapy is recommended as a better alternative.
In order to avoid the autoimmune reaction of blood cells and immune cells that causes Guillain-Barré syndrome, blood cells must be healthy, and making blood cells healthy through electrical stimulation helps prevent or early recovery from the syndrome.
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2023-10-09 22:08:00
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