Jakarta –
Bone cancer is a type of cancer that is often found in Indonesia. In contrast to other types of cancer, there is still little information about the symptoms of bone cancer. Therefore, bone cancer is often diagnosed late.
Let’s see further explanation regarding bone cancer.
Definition of Bone Cancer
Quoted from the Cleveland Clinic website, bone cancer is a type of cancer that develops in the bones. When cancer cells grow in bones, they destroy normal bone tissue. The type of tissue and cells where the cancer starts will determine the type of bone cancer.
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The type of cancer that forms in the bones is called primary bone cancer. Tumors originating from other organs can also spread to the bones and other parts of the body. This condition is known as secondary bone cancer. Tumors of the breast, lung and prostate are the most common tumors that spread to the bone.
Bone Cancer Risk Factors
Quoted from the Osteosarcoma Management Guide by the National Cancer Management Committee, here are some risk factors for bone cancer:
1. Chemical compounds
There are several chemical compounds that can cause genetic changes, for example Methylcholanthrene.
2. Virus
Some viruses can make them less responsive to chemotherapy. For example, the Rous sarcoma virus, which contains the V-Src gene and proto-oncogene, and the FBJ virus, which has the c-Fos proto-oncogene.
3. Exposure to radiation
4. Other diseases
5. Genetics
6. Location of metal implants.
Symptoms of Bone Cancer
Quoted from the Mayo Clinic website, here are some signs and symptoms of bone cancer:
Bone pain Swelling Bone pain Weakening of bones Fatigue Unconditioned weight loss.
Types of Bone Cancer
Quoted from the National Health Service website, here are some types of bone cancer:
1. Osteosarcoma
Osteosarcoma is the most common type of bone cancer. Osteosarcoma is a type of bone cancer that develops in the cells where new bone tissue forms. Usually, the disease begins at the ends of large bones such as the arms and legs. Most of these types affect children and young adults under 20 years of age.
2. Ewing’s sarcoma
Ewing’s sarcoma is a type of bone cancer that often affects people aged 10 to 20 years. Ewing’s sarcoma can form in the bones and surrounding soft tissue. This disease most often grows on the hips, ribs and shoulder blades.
3. Chondrosarcoma
Chondrosarcoma tends to affect adults over the age of 40. Chondrosarcoma is a type of cancer that starts in cartilage. This cancer usually forms in the legs, pelvis, and arm bones.
How to Treat Bone Cancer
Here are some ways to treat bone cancer that doctors prescribe:
1. Operation
Surgery to remove the part of the bone affected by the cancer. Often combined with other treatments. Amputation may also be needed if the cancer has spread to blood vessels or nerves and becomes infected after surgery. Cancer that spreads to parts of the body that do not allow surgical removal of limbs may also require amputation. An example is the ankle.
2. Chemotherapy
Chemotherapy is a treatment with powerful cancer-killing drugs. Chemotherapy has several side effects such as diarrhea, hair loss, fatigue, infertility and mouth sores.
There are 4 ways of chemotherapy to treat bone cancer:
– Before the operation
To shrink the tumor and facilitate surgery
– Combined with radiotherapy
This approach works effectively in the treatment of Ewing’s sarcoma
– After operation
Chemotherapy after surgery works to prevent the cancer from returning
– Palliative chemotherapy
Palliative chemotherapy to control symptoms if healing is not possible.
3. Radiotherapy
Radiotherapy can be done before and after surgery to treat bone cancer. Radiotherapy for bone cancer uses radiation beams that are directed to the part of the bone affected by cancer.
There are several side effects of radiotherapy, namely irritation, joint pain, hair loss on the body part being treated, and fatigue.
That was an explanation of bone cancer. Hopefully useful, detikers!
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2023-09-06 22:15:06
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