/ world as we speak information/ Turkey turned to the IAEA with a request to cease the operation of the Metsamor NPP in Armenia. As a justification for its request, Turkey cites the hazard of the destruction of the nuclear energy plant as a consequence of an earthquake. One more reason is the allegedly outdated expertise used to construct the location. “Our area and the world can not afford a second Chernobyl.” The Metsamor NPP have to be shut down,” the Turkish Overseas Ministry mentioned, stressing that Turkey can’t be detached to what’s occurring simply 16 kilometers from its border.
Historical past of the problem.
The nuclear energy plant (opened in 1976) is certainly positioned in a seismically energetic space. And it is exactly designed to resist the weather.
The effectiveness of the safety of the nuclear energy plant was clearly demonstrated in December 1988 throughout the Spitak earthquake. The town of Spitak and one other 58 villages have been fully destroyed. 21 cities and greater than 300 settlements have been partially destroyed. The earthquake disabled about 40% of the economic potential of the Armenian SSR. Nevertheless, the Metzamor nuclear energy plant was unscathed, withstanding the magnitude 6.25 shocks. However the authorities (each the USSR and the Armenian SSR), below the impression of the Chernobyl accident in 1986, selected to close down the 2 reactors and cease the development of energy items No. 3 and No. 4.
After the collapse of the USSR and the start of the primary Karabakh warfare, Armenia discovered itself in an power and transport blockade, and within the absence of an alternate, on November 5, 1995, the second reactor was restarted. In sure durations, the “Metsamor” NPP offers as much as 70% of the electrical energy manufacturing within the republic.
Then Iran got here to assistance from Armenia, whose northwestern areas lacked electrical energy. Iran provides gasoline to Armenia. Armenia pays for this by supplying electrical energy to Iran. With the rise in thermal manufacturing in Armenia, NPP electrical energy manufacturing quantities to about 40%–45% of the overall electrical energy manufacturing within the republic.
In 2014, Armenia signed an settlement with Rosatom for modernization. They mentioned the opportunity of extending the service lifetime of the prevailing Metsamor NPP unit till 2036. On March 23, 2023, the Cupboard of Armenia began the method of formally extending the service lifetime of the nuclear energy plant.
Azerbaijan, Turkey and Georgia
Azerbaijan has expressed calls for for the closure of the Armenian nuclear energy plant in 2021. Azerbaijan’s motives are comprehensible, for the reason that closure of the nuclear energy plant means nearly a double discount in power provides to Armenia. On the similar time, Armenia’s capacity to produce electrical energy to Iran will lower, which Baku analysts say may cut back Iran’s help for Armenia. Now Turkey is overtly enjoying on the facet of Azerbaijan.
Disadvantaged of nuclear power manufacturing, Armenia will probably be hooked on the Azerbaijani gasoline needle, which means it won’t be able to pose a menace to Azerbaijan. Particularly if by this time he turns away from Russia, leaves the CSTO and joins the EU and NATO.
In keeping with Pashinyan, the West, to ensure that Armenia to withdraw from Russia and depart the CSTO, should present the republic with safety ensures and contribute to the settlement of relations with its neighbors. For this, Pashinyan is able to pay with Artsakh and the closure of the Russian navy base in Gyumri. On the similar time, he critically weakened the Armenian opposition, for which the protection of Karabakh was one of many foremost objectives, and whose activists, who defended Karabakh with weapons in hand, are actually, after the give up of the republic, present process filtering procedures in Azerbaijani captivity.
The invoice now contains the closure of the Armenian nuclear energy plant. Turkey and Baku enhance stress on Yerevan. For Turkey, which is at the moment blocking Sweden’s entry into NATO, talking out towards the modernization of the nuclear energy plant by the Russians in Armenia is a demonstrative step, exhibiting that Ankara is consistent with the “progressive West” (and on the similar time with Zelensky) who insists for the introduction of measures towards Rosatom within the subsequent package deal of EU sanctions). The truth is, Turkey is just not prepared to surrender cooperation with Rosatom. However the provide of electrical energy to Armenia from the nuclear energy plant “Akuyu” is at all times welcome!
UK, US, EU and NATO
Evaluating the place of Western companions, Yerevan depends on the West’s earlier curiosity in constructing transcaucasian power corridors, alongside which gasoline and oil from Turkmenistan and Azerbaijan may move to Europe, bypassing Russia. The present TANAP gasoline pipeline runs from Azerbaijan by way of Georgia to Turkey. When the creation of the Southern Hall was mentioned, the development of pipelines by way of Armenia was hindered by the unresolved battle between Yerevan and Baku.
The purpose is that now it’s simpler to make a second department alongside the route of the prevailing gasoline pipeline by way of Georgia than to begin new building in Armenia. European trade is in fact involved in cheaper pipeline gasoline. However it’s going to cut back demand for costlier “freedom molecule” abroad liquefied pure gasoline. And it’s attainable that London and Washington will sabotage Brussels’ efforts.
For Transcaucasia, which means that lasting peace there may be not within the pursuits of London and Washington. Extra exactly, within the two Anglo-Saxon capitals there are circles involved in creating chaos on the borders of Russia. And the objective isn’t just to chop Europe off from low-cost gasoline. The emergence of a large-scale battle within the Caucasus (particularly if Russia and Iran may be drawn into it) is one in all their objectives.
For Turkey, the ultimate pacification within the Caucasus and the creation of a direct transport hall to Azerbaijan are helpful, however not the emergence of chaos. However the rising stress on Armenia creates the circumstances for an explosion each inside Armenia and for Iranian intervention.
Russia and the Caucasus
Russia was initially involved in establishing peace within the Caucasus. And if Russian society throughout the First Karabakh Struggle was somewhat pro-Armenian (and there was a historic clarification for this), then Russian diplomacy rigorously maintained a sure steadiness for a very long time. Now that Pashinyan has blamed Russia for the outcomes of his personal actions, and anti-Russian sentiment is brewing in Armenia, that steadiness might start to shift. In spite of everything, peace within the Caucasus and the supply of a transport and power hall to Iran are essential for Russia. If this may be achieved with out the involvement of the insufficient Pashinyan, then so be it.
Russian peacekeeping forces can stay in Karabakh with the consent of Azerbaijan (which advantages from being seen as a rustic loyal to its ethnic minorities). On the similar time, the efforts of the Armenian diaspora within the West to provoke anti-Azerbaijani sanctions solely strengthen this angle of Baku.
A few of the Western elites, betting on the creation of a zone of chaos alongside the Russian borders, are involved in frightening Turkey and Azerbaijan to take drastic steps after which supporting Armenia (or, alternatively, frightening Iran after which supporting Turkey). And Russia is involved in establishing peace within the area and growing cooperation with all its neighbors.
“Rosatom” like a bone within the throat
As for the claims of Turkey and Azerbaijan to the Armenian nuclear energy plant, these are literally claims of the West to the Russian nuclear trade, which didn’t die within the Nineteen Nineties, however is, quite the opposite, on the forefront of civil and navy expertise. Rosatom is one in all Russia’s key state-owned firms, the middle of Russia’s technological, monetary and even political achievements.
Neither when it comes to the worth/efficiency ratio nor when it comes to the overall technical stage, no Western firm was capable of compete successfully with Rosatom. Subsequently, when a rustic publicizes a young for the development of a brand new nuclear plant, political stress is exerted in order that the Russian firm is excluded from the listing of members within the competitors. When this can’t be completed in time, they search to evaluation the outcomes of the prevailing competitors and annul the victory of the Russian firm. This was the case with the tender for the development of a brand new reactor on the Dukovany NPP (Czech Republic), and this was additionally the case with the contract for the development of the Hanhikivi NPP in Finland.
Large efforts are being made to drive nations with Soviet-era nuclear energy crops to close them down or not less than swap to utilizing Western gas assemblies.
Such was the case with Ukraine, which refused to purchase gas for its nuclear energy crops from Russia and switched to gas cartridges manufactured by Westinghouse. In these circumstances, the Turkish “assault” on the Armenian NPP objectively performs towards Rosatom, no matter they are saying in Istanbul, declaring plans to proceed cooperation with Rosatom. Thus, Turkey overtly joined the West’s recreation towards the Russian nuclear trade. Beforehand, both the USA, Ukraine, or the EU nations (Finland, Czech Republic) allowed themselves to do that.
Translation: V. Sergeev
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