Many viruses cause acute symptoms of infection, such as fever, diarrhea, and more. But there are also some cancer-causing viruses that not only cause acute infection symptoms, but also affect cells in the body for a long time, leading to cancer! In the following treatment days, we have compiled 5 major cancer viruses and a type of bacteria that can cause cancer. I hope it can help you!
5 major cancer viruses to look at at once
HBV (hepatitis B virus), HCV (hepatitis C virus) and liver cancer
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) are common viral infections that can be transmitted through blood and body fluids such as sharing needles, sexual intercourse, or from mother to baby during childbirth.
Infection with hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus does not necessarily cause symptoms, and many people do not realize they have been infected; some patients with symptoms may show fatigue, fatigue, mild nausea, or jaundice, but they usually recover .
The most worrying thing about HBV and HCV is that the virus stays in the liver and causes chronic infection, which causes the liver to be damaged and inflamed for a long time. The liver function gradually becomes disordered, leading to cirrhosis and eventually liver cancer. Fortunately, in 1984, Taiwan became the first country in the world to implement large-scale hepatitis B vaccination for newborns, and the hepatitis B transmission rate in Taiwan dropped significantly. However, there is currently no corresponding vaccine to prevent and treat hepatitis C.
People infected with HBV and HCV must follow up regularly and take medication as prescribed by their doctor to prevent their body from entering the path of “hepatitis → cirrhosis → liver cancer”.
Human T-lymphotropic virus and blood cancer
Human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV for short) is mainly divided into HTLV-I and HTLV-II type 2. Currently, all blood donation centers use enzyme immunoassay to comprehensively screen for HTLV-I and HTLV-II type 2 antibodies. After the human body is infected with HTLV, those who show a positive reaction for HTLV antibodies through serum examination are called HTLV carriers. Carriers are contagious and can be transmitted to others through breast milk, blood or body fluids.
The transmission routes of HTLV include:
95% of HTLV carriers will never develop the disease in their lifetime, and only 5% of carriers will develop the disease. It has been confirmed that HTLV-I can cause adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL/L) and a neurological disease – tropical spastic paralysis/HTLV-associated myelopathy (TSP/HAM); but the incidence The rates are very low, ranging from 2% to 4% and below 1% respectively. The pathogenic situation of HTLV-II is still unclear.
To prevent HTLV infection and carriers, you should pay attention to:
EBV and lymphoma and nasopharyngeal carcinoma
EBV is a herpes virus, and saliva is the most common transmission medium. In addition to saliva, EBV can be transmitted through coughing, runny nose, and sharing dishes or cups.
Not everyone will show symptoms after being infected with EBV, especially children. If they do have symptoms, they are mostly mild discomfort in the first few weeks, such as fever, fatigue, and swollen lymph nodes; however, the EBV virus will continue to affect cells in the body.
Cancers most associated with EBV include non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, Burch’s lymphoma, Hodgkin’s lymphoma, and nasopharyngeal cancer. Even a small proportion of gastric cancer may be related to EBV.
HPV virus and cervical cancer, head and neck cancer
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a general name for about 150 types of viruses. This group of viruses is called human papillomavirus because it can cause wart-like changes and cause the characteristics of papillae.
About 40 types of HPV viruses are transmitted through sexual contact, making HPV infections very common. The cancer that is highly related to HPV is cervical cancer. This is because long-term infection of the cervix with HPV will lead to abnormal cell proliferation and changes in the cervix. In addition to cervical cancer, penile cancer, anal cancer, vaginal cancer, head and neck cancer, and throat cancer are also related to HPV.
After the promotion of regular cervical smear examination, doctors can remove or destroy the bad cells when precancerous lesions appear on the cervix of patients. In recent years, the rate of cervical cancer among Taiwanese women has dropped a lot. However, the cervical cancer rate has dropped significantly. Cancer remains the second most common cancer in women.
HPV infection is very common. Once HPV infection occurs, there is no way to sterilize it. The only way to reduce the patient’s chance of cervical cancer is to rely on regular Pap smear examination to detect cervical precancerous lesions early. However, now, in addition to regular Pap smear screening, cervical cancer vaccines can also be used to prevent and treat HPV infection. There are many viruses classified as HPV, and the HPV vaccine is made against several virus types that are more likely to cause cancer. Studies have shown that vaccinating the cervical cancer vaccine to prevent HPV during teenage years can prevent more than 90% of cervical cancer. The anti-cancer effect will decrease the later you get vaccinated.
Men are more likely to be infected with HPV. It is best to receive the cervical cancer vaccine to prevent HPV and reduce the chance of head and neck cancer, oropharyngeal cancer, and penile cancer.
Further reading:The HPV vaccine not only prevents cervical cancer, but also reduces the risk of head and neck cancer?Men are more susceptible to HPV infection
HIV and Kaposi’s sarcoma
HIV destroys T cells in white blood cells and weakens the immune system, which is why it is called acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. When the immune system weakens, viruses that are already present in the body will resurrect. For example, if you have been infected with HPV, HPV will quickly destroy the cervix and form cervical cancer.
In fact, the immune system is also responsible for destroying newly formed cancer cells in the body. If the immune system becomes weak and cannot remove bad things, allowing these newly formed cancer cells to survive, they may evolve into serious cancer tissue. Therefore, being infected with HIV increases the chance of developing cancer.
The cancers most related to HIV are Kaposi’s sarcoma, cervical cancer, and some non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas. In addition, HIV patients have a higher chance of suffering from anal cancer, lung cancer, liver cancer, and oral cancer.
Tips for daily treatment: Beware of Helicobacter pylori and gastric adenocarcinoma
Not only viruses can cause cancer, but bacteria can too. The International Organization for Research on Cancer (IARC) determined that Helicobacter pylori is a first-level carcinogen in 1994. Helicobacter pylori will cause gastritis after infecting the stomach. If the infection persists, it may lead to chronic gastritis, which in turn will cause the destruction of gastric surface cells. Over time, gastric glands will gradually disappear or be replaced by small intestinal epithelial cells, leading to the occurrence of atrophic gastritis and small intestinal metaplasia, both of which are considered to be precursors of gastric adenocarcinoma and may develop into gastric adenocarcinoma.
Because Helicobacter pylori can be transmitted through saliva, you must prevent the disease from entering through the mouth when dining together. Be sure to pay attention to the hygiene of tableware and clean and disinfect it before use.
Please also pay attention to the treatment date:6 types of autumn and winter viruses are coming, beware of multiple viral infections! Is Mycoplasma pneumoniae, the most popular strain nowadays, scary?
Have a good chat to heal your healthy life
source:Renai Hospital、Taiwan Blood Foundation
Image source: 123RF
2024-01-09 10:57:36
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