Harianjogja.com, JAKARTA – Diabetes is often found in Indonesia. Type 2 diabetes is a lifelong disease that keeps your body from using insulin as it should. People with Type 2 Diabetes are said to have insulin resistance.
People who are middle-aged or older are more likely to develop this type of diabetes. It used to be called adult-onset diabetes. But type 2 diabetes also affects children and adolescents, mainly because of childhood obesity.
Type 2 is the most common type of diabetes. There are about 29 million people in the US with type 2. 84 million have prediabetes, meaning their blood sugar (or blood glucose) is high but not high enough to be diabetic.
Reported from Webmd, If lifestyle changes don’t get you to your target blood sugar level, you may need medication. Some of the most common for type 2 diabetes include:
1. Metformin (Fortamet, Glucophage, Glumetza, Riomet). This is usually the first drug used to treat type 2 diabetes. It lowers the amount of glucose your liver makes and helps your body respond better to the insulin it makes.
2. Sulfonylureas. This group of drugs helps your body make more insulin. They include glimepiride (Amaryl), glipizide (Glucotrol, Metaglip), and glyburide (DiaBeta, Micronase).
meglitinide. They help your body make more insulin, and they work faster than sulfonylureas. You may take nateglinide (Starlix) or repaglinide (Prandin).
3. Thiazolidinediones. Like metformin, they make you more sensitive to insulin. You can get pioglitazone (Actos) or rosiglitazone (Avandia). But they also increase your risk of heart problems, so they’re usually not the first choice for treatment.
4. DPP-4 inhibitors. These medications — linagliptin (Tradjenta), saxagliptin (Onglyza), and sitagliptin (Januvia) — help lower your blood sugar levels, but they can also cause joint pain and can inflame your pancreas.
GLP-1 receptor agonist. You take this medication with a needle to slow digestion and lower blood sugar levels.
Some of the most common are exenatide (Byetta, Bydureon), liraglutide (Victoza), and semaglutide (Ozempic).
5. SGLT2 inhibitors. This helps your kidneys filter more glucose. You may get canagliflozin (Invokana), dapagliflozin (Farxiga), or empagliflozin (Jardiance). Empagliflozin has also been shown to be effective in reducing the risk of hospitalization or death from heart failure.
6. Insulins. You may take a long-acting injection at night, such as insulin detemir (Levemir) or insulin glargine (Lantus).
Even if you make lifestyle changes and take your medication as directed, your blood sugar may still worsen over time. It doesn’t mean you’ve done anything wrong. Diabetes is progressive, and many people end up needing more than one medication.
When you take more than one drug to control your type 2 diabetes, it is called combination therapy.
You and your doctor should work together to find the best mix for you. Usually, you will continue to use metformin and add something else.
Source: business.com
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