There are 50 thousand children with congenital heart disease, the Minister of Health Budi is worried about the 2030 Demographic Bonus

Early diagnosis of congenital heart disease (CHD) in children, among others:

Fetal echocardiography

Early diagnosis of CHD can be done in the womb with fetal echocardiography. The facilities and infrastructure for this exam are not widely available in Indonesia, so the exam is only indicated for mothers at high risk of having a fetus with CHD.

For example, mothers with a family history of CHD, mothers taking non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), mothers exposed to teratogens such as lithium or antiepileptic drugs, and mothers with TORCH infection.

TORCH is the abbreviation for several infectious diseases including Toxoplasma gondii (Toxo), Rubella, Cyto Megalo Virus (CMV), Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) which consists of HSV1 and HSV2 and possibly other viruses with more limited clinical impact (measles, chickenpox, Echovirus, Mumps, Vaccinia virus, Poliovirus and Coxsackie-B virus).

Oximetry check

Finger oximetry examination can be done as an early diagnosis of CHD in infants. The exam is fairly simple, inexpensive and non-invasive, so it can be performed anywhere. It is recommended that oximetry be checked on children over 24 hours of age and before the child can return home from the healthcare facility.

Oximetry was performed on both the baby’s hands and feet. Ideally, children over 24 hours of age exhibit over 95% oxygen saturation. The oximetry result is said to be positive if the oxygen saturation is less than 90 percent in the right hand or foot.

If the results are questionable, for example between 90 and 94 percent, or there is a difference of more than 3 percent in the right hand and foot, the exam is repeated up to a maximum of two times. Infants with positive oximetry results should be immediately referred to a tertiary facility capable of treating congenital heart disease, after other causes of low oxygen saturation have been ruled out.

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Infographic 5 tips to teach children to wear masks to prevent Covid-19. (Liputan6.com/Niman)