Earth structure. Rocky planets in the solar system with high temperatures. constantly changing Can be explained with the theory of plate tectonics. and influences every life more than you think
Earth is the third closest planet to the Sun in the Solar System, at a distance of approximately 150 million kilometers (93 million miles), or 1 AU, with a magnetic field. Strong protects against solar storms and harmful space radiation. Therefore, it is truly perfect for the life system.
Order of world structure
world structure Scientists divide them using the physical and chemical composition of rocks. Including various substances inside the Earth, it can be divided into 3 layers: the Earth’s crust (Crust), the Earth’s mantle (Mantle), and the Earth’s core (Core).
For the earth’s crust, it is the outermost part of the earth’s structure. There are parts of land and water that are visible outside and parts of hard rock buried deep beneath the earth and water. It is the longest layer, consisting of many types of rocks, but most of them are igneous rock crystals. The earth’s crust is divided into two areas: the continental crust and the oceanic crust.
The mantle is the layer between the crust and the core. It is approximately 2,885 kilometers thick. It is a layer composed of solid minerals. There is a lot of olivine. It also has a higher temperature, pressure, and density than the earth’s crust. but less than the core of the earth Divided into 2 layers: the upper mantle and the lower mantle
While the core of the earth has a spherical shape. It has a radius of approximately 3,475 kilometers. The temperature is between 2,200 degrees Celsius – 27,500 degrees Celsius. The pressure is 3 to 4 million times higher than atmospheric pressure at sea level. The Earth’s core is both solid and extremely hot liquid. The Earth’s core can therefore be divided into two layers: the outer core and the inner core.
Earth’s core
The Earth’s core, or core, is the deepest layer next to the Earth’s mantle. Can be divided into two parts: the outer core Its thickness ranges from 2,900–5,100 kilometers. Geologists believe that this layer is composed mostly of iron and nickel, which is what creates the Earth’s magnetic field. It is in a viscous liquid state. and has a very high temperature It has a temperature of approximately 4,300–6,200 degrees Celsius.
The composition of the inner core is the same as that of the outer layer, but is in a solid state. This is because the pressure and temperature are very high, which can reach 6,200–6,400 degrees Celsius.
Earth’s core It is considered to have an influence on many changes that occur on the earth. The changes in the world can be explained by the theory of plate tectonics. They mostly occur in the lithosphere and the lithosphere’s base. Most earthquakes and volcanoes occur along the seams of tectonic plate boundaries called the Ring of Fire. Fault processes, bends, and plate tectonics are part of the formation of mountain ranges on Earth.
The secret hidden at the inner core
The movement of the mantle is caused by variations in heat from the core. As a result, the earth’s tectonic plates move. It can cause earthquakes and volcanic eruptions. These natural hazards change the landscape. and in some cases, threaten life and property.
Therefore, science related to geology is as important as other categories. Although it may not be as beautiful or romantic as astronomy, the most mysterious structure is the inner core. Located approximately 5,000 – 6,000 kilometers below the Earth’s surface, the core is a spherical ball of hot iron that contains nickel. It is 1,220 kilometers in diameter, at the boundary between the molten metal outer core and the surface of the harder inner core. Its temperature reaches 6,000 degrees Celsius, as hot as the outer surface of the sun.
In 2023, a team of Chinese scientists from Peking University published their analysis of data from seismic waves recorded decades ago in the journal Nature Geoscience, where they found that Recently, the Earth’s inner core stopped rotating and began to reverse its rotation. It is not yet known for sure. This phenomenon will have a profound effect on the overall structure of the world. Is it nature or the environment?
However, the mystery of the Earth’s inner core has once again begun to interest geologists and scientists around the world. Geologists believe that electrical energy emitted from the inner core of the earth This causes the fluid in the outer core to move and create an iron field, which John Bidal, a geophysicist at the University of Southern California, says provides insight into the Earth’s interior. It will reveal exactly how our world evolved.
Searched and edited by Sittichot Suphawan.
PHOTO BY BERNHARD EDMAIER
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