A recent study has found that a type of gut bacteria plays a role in reducing insulin resistance, thus protecting against type 2 diabetes.
Gut bacteria are groups of bacteria (gut microbiota) that live in the intestine, including multiple types, and their presence and balance affects a person’s health.
Billions of bacteria live in the intestines, including friendly bacteria that constitute more than 85% of the total intestinal bacteria, such as bacilli and Gram-positive Lactobacilli and Bifidobacteria, as well as bacteria capable of causing diseases.
Insulin resistance occurs when cells in muscle, fat, and liver do not respond well to insulin and cannot easily absorb glucose from the blood. As a result, the pancreas produces more insulin to help glucose enter the cells.
Parabacteroides distasonis
Type 2 diabetes is one of the types of diabetes that leads to high levels of glucose in the blood. It occurs as a result of resistance in the body’s cells to the hormone insulin or insufficient amount of insulin produced in the pancreas, as a result of several factors, the most important of which are weight gain and lack of physical activity. It is also called non-insulin dependent diabetes and adult-onset diabetes.
The study was conducted by researchers in China and published in a journal Nature Communications.
The name of the bacteria that scientists have found to be linked to reduced insulin resistance is Parabacteroides distasonis.
In their recently published paper, the researchers said that microorganisms in the intestine play a major role in insulin resistance.
Scientists found that the bacteria Parabacteroides distasonis is inversely associated with insulin resistance (the more in the intestines, the less insulin resistance). They also found that treatment with it improves insulin resistance, improves gut health, and reduces inflammation in mice.
Researchers also discovered that nicotinic acid produced by Parabacteroides distasonis is a bioactive molecule that enhances intestinal barrier function, reducing insulin resistance.
The scientists also found that levels of the bacteria Parabacteroides distasonis were low in a group of humans with type 2 diabetes participating in the research.
Dendrup
Scientists investigated the effect of nutrition on these bacteria, and found that a type of polysaccharide found in a type of Dendrobium plant called Dendrobium officinale stimulates the growth of Parabacteroides distasonis bacteria.
Polysaccharides are long chains of carbohydrate molecules, made up of several smaller monosaccharides.
The study opens the possibility of using Parabacteroides distasonis bacteria and polysaccharides from the Dandelion plant to reduce insulin resistance or treat type 2 diabetes.
2023-12-24 13:48:46
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