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The heart can not stand it: Amur cardiologist about the risks of modern people
Share The heart may not withstand: Amur cardiologist on the risks of modern people The heart may not withstand: Amur cardiologist on the risks of modern people
The Ministry of Health of Russia declared the period from August 7 to 13 a week for the prevention of cardiovascular diseases. This is the time when people should remember about the killer diseases that overtake unnoticed: about ischemia and strokes.
Experts regularly talk about the need to lead a healthy lifestyle, stop smoking and drinking alcohol, not avoid physical activity and eat healthy food. All this is necessary to maintain a healthy cardiovascular system. After all, it depends on her tone how long we live and whether we get to know our grandchildren.
Photo: Amur.info
Tamara Filatova, a cardiologist and deputy chief physician of Blagoveshchensk Polyclinic No. 4, shared the secrets of a strong heart and healthy blood vessels with Amur.info.
Amur Regional Center for Public Health
– Tamara Vyacheslavovna, how to understand that it’s time to see a cardiologist? What signals does the body give in case of cardiovascular pathologies? Is it possible to feel something is wrong in the early stages? Are problems of the cardiovascular system reversible if they are detected in the early stages?
– You need to visit a cardiologist when you feel any ailments associated with the cardiovascular system. Palpitations, shortness of breath, fluctuations in blood pressure, fainting, pain in the heart, “fading” of the heart – this is all a reason to sign up for a consultation with a cardiologist. Currently, there is a trend towards rejuvenation of cardiovascular diseases, and if you have relatives with heart disease, obesity, you smoke, then it is necessary, without waiting for symptoms, to contact a therapist at any age.
Photo: Amur.info
— Has the number of Amur residents with cardiovascular diseases increased over the past six months? What diseases prevail?
– The incidence of the cardiovascular system remains at a fairly high level, both in the region and in the Russian Federation. Covid also contributed to the situation with diseases of the heart and blood vessels. Chronic forms predominate: such as arterial hypertension, coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular diseases.
What are the risk factors for developing CVD? Do they include heredity? How often do people at risk need to visit a specialist?
– Risk factors are individual characteristics that affect the likelihood of developing a disease in a particular person in the future. According to WHO studies, three main factors significantly increase the risk of sudden death: hypertension, hypercholesterolemia and smoking. The main risk factors for heart disease and stroke (more than 80% of cases) are considered unhealthy and unbalanced diet, physical inactivity and tobacco use.
Malnutrition and physical inactivity result in high blood pressure, high blood glucose levels, high blood fat levels, overweight and obesity. All this is united by one common term “intermediate risk factors”.
There are also many underlying causes that have a direct impact on the formation of chronic diseases – globalization, urbanization, population aging, and stress.
– Why do problems with the heart and blood vessels not bypass, for example, some athletes who lead a healthy lifestyle? There are cases when famous athletes passed away from a heart attack.
Photo: Amur.info
– Such episodes may be associated with the use of steroid anabolics to increase muscle mass, which the brain regards as testosterone. The male hormone is less protective of the heart vessels from the development of atherosclerosis than estrogen (the female hormone). Sports loads are result-oriented and can be excessive for the body, which can reduce the resource of the heart.
Is it true that young people are more likely to suffer from cardiovascular diseases? Can we say that this is partly due to the abundance and availability of fast food and the craze for trendy smoking blends? If so, how does the above affect the heart and blood vessels?
– There is such a disappointing trend. Nicotine is a vascular poison, destroying the inner wall of the vessel, promotes the attachment of fat (cholesterol) to it, this is how atherosclerosis begins – the cause of most cardiovascular diseases.
And the excessive consumption of trans fats (saturated fats), which are quite a lot in fast food, brings additional cholesterol from the outside, which starts the same process of atherosclerosis of blood vessels.
Photo: Amur.info
– How to understand that a person has a heart attack, and what needs to be done before the ambulance arrives?
– It is necessary to call an ambulance team when there is a pressing, burning pain behind the sternum lasting more than 15-20 minutes, which may be accompanied by cold sweat and a feeling of fear, sudden loss of consciousness, sudden palpitations, accompanied by dizziness, shortness of breath. Shortness of breath may appear acutely and be accompanied by pain in the chest, a feeling of lack of air.
According to statistics, a heart attack is one of the most common causes of death in the world. It is very important to recognize the pre-infarction condition in time. Pain in the heart is a sign of myocardial ischemia, when the balance between blood flow to the heart muscle and its need is disturbed. It is possible to distinguish heart pain from any other by several signs: pain in the heart has a certain localization – behind the sternum, sometimes radiates, spreads to the left arm, shoulder, lower jaw.
It has a characteristic: presses, compresses and is associated with physical or emotional stress. It is also important to remember that the duration of this pain is from 2 to 10 minutes. If these symptoms occur, seek immediate medical attention.
Photo: Amur Regional Public Health Center
– How to understand that a person has a stroke, and what needs to be done before the ambulance arrives?
— There are characteristic signs: sudden unilateral weakness in the limbs, speech becomes slurred, when both hands are raised, one lags behind or does not rise, when smiling, asymmetry of the face is noticeable. It is important to call an ambulance in the first hours of these signs.
Amur Regional Center for Public Health
– What physical activity and in what volume is best suited for strengthening the heart and blood vessels?
– Endurance of the respiratory and cardiovascular systems is provided by the so-called cardio loads (aerobic). This is walking, cycling, running, not sprinting. For an adult, this is at least 30 minutes of physical activity per day, for girls at least an hour, for boys 1.5 hours.
Amur Regional Center for Public Health
– Are there drinks, foods or diets that “cleanse” the vessels or tone the heart muscle?
– I recommend seafood, vegetables, cereals to everyone. Your diet should include both meat and dairy products, but in small quantities.
Photo: Svetlana Mitina
What should a person who cares about the health of the heart and blood vessels need to know?
– Each of us can protect our heart with the help of simple rules:
Do not smoke or breathe tobacco smoke. Exercise five times a week for at least 30 minutes a day. Eat well (include at least 500 grams of vegetables and fruits per day, as well as 2-3 servings of fish per week – one serving is 140 grams). Limit your salt intake to five grams per day. Typically, a person consumes about eight grams of salt per day. Limit alcohol. Take medication if prescribed by a doctor. Reduce weight if there is excess. Seek medical attention promptly.
Make these rules the principles of your life, then you can prevent cardiovascular and other diseases. Take your health under your personal control.
2023-08-12 09:39:05
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