What is the relationship of the star’s color with its temperature? Since the star’s color and brightness depend on a group of factors, including temperature, and there are red, blue, yellow and violet stars, how is the star’s color related to its temperature? This is what we will learn about later and in detail.
What is the relationship of the star’s color with its temperature?
The star is a huge ball that emits light throughout the universe, and there is one star in the solar system that is known and its existence cannot be denied, which is the sun, and there are billions of stars throughout the Milky Way galaxy and exponentially in the billions of galaxies in this universe; The color of a star depends on its surface temperature. Cool stars tend to be redder, hotter stars have a more bluish appearance, and stars in the middle bands are white or yellow like the sunStars can also mix colors such as orange and red stars or blue to white stars. The color of the star is also related to its temperature as follows: the temperature of stars decreases as we move from the violet color to the red color in the visible spectrum..
star properties
A star can be defined by five basic characteristics, which are brightness, color, surface temperature, size, and mass, which are as follows:
brightness: Two properties that determine brightness are luminosity and magnitude, where luminosity is the amount of light radiated by a star, the size of a star and its surface temperature determine its luminosity, and the apparent magnitude of a star is its perceived brightness given the size and brightness of the star. distance, while absolute magnitude is its true brightness no matter how far it is from Earth.
Surface temperature: Astronomers measure a star’s temperature on the Kelvin scale, where zero on the Kelvin scale is theoretically absolute and equal to -273.15 degrees Celsius. The surface temperature of the redder stars is about 2,500 K, while the surface temperature of the hottest stars can reach 50,000 K. The surface temperature of the sun is about 5500 K.
the size: Astronomers measure the size of a particular star in terms of the radius of the sun, a star that measures one solar radius will be the same size as the sun, and the star’s size and surface temperature determine the star’s luminosity.
Mass: The mass of a star is also measured in comparison to the size of the sun, as it is equal to 1 the size of the sun. For example, the star Rigel, which is much more massive than the Sun, has a mass of 3.5 solar masses. Two stars of the same size may not necessarily have the same mass, because the densities of stars can be different. big.
star components
Stars consist of very hot gas, and this gas mostly consists of hydrogen and helium, which are the two lightest elements, as stars glow by burning hydrogen and converting it into helium in its center, then it consists throughout its life of heavier elements, as most stars contain small amounts Among the heavier elements such as: carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and iron, which were formed by the stars that existed before them, and after the star runs out of fuel, it throws a lot of its matter into space. New stars are formed from this ejected material, and the material in the stars is constantly being recycled.
The reason why some stars are bright and others are dim
And after identifying the extent to which the color of the star is related to its temperature? It is important to know why the stars are bright and dark, as the stars do not actually shine, but appear bright when seen from the surface of the Earth. The stars shine in the night sky due to the effects of the atmosphere, and when the starlight enters the atmosphere, it is affected by the winds in the atmosphere and regions of different temperatures and densities, and this leads to the starlight flashing when seen. From the earth, and the stars are not all at the same distance from the earth, some stars are closer and others are farther away, and the closer the star is to the earth the brighter it is, and also the stars come in different sizes and brightness, as usually the larger stars shine more than the smaller stars, so The brightness of a star in the sky at night depends on its size and how far it is from Earth.
At the end of this article, we summarize the most important points in it What is the relationship of the star’s color with its temperature? In addition to other factors that affect the color and brightness of stars, the properties of stars have also been identified.
