There are several factors that affect the calculation of Pluto’s orbit.
REPUBLIKA.CO.ID, JAKARTA — Astronomers will have to wait a long time to celebrate the first complete orbit Pluto since its discovery. Lowell Observatory in Flagstaff, Arizona, was used to find Pluto on February 18, 1930.
Clyde Tombaugh, an American astronomer, discovered a moving object beyond the orbit of Neptune. The object was later called Pluto. Pluto’s name is taken from the ruler of the underworld in Greek mythology.
Whether Pluto is a planet or a dwarf planet has been debated for a long time. When observing Pluto’s orbit, astronomers believed that the planet had not completed a single orbit since Tombaugh first detected it in 1897.
Pluto’s orbit around the sun takes 248.09 Earth years to complete. Pluto will complete its first full orbit since its discovery on Monday, March 23, 2178.
Reported from Live Science, astronomers explain that there is more to the orbit of this wondrous world than the amount of time that has passed since its discovery.
The major planets of the solar system tend to revolve close to the ecliptic, which is the plane of the solar system. However, Pluto is quite inclined compared to Earth and many other planets at 17 degrees.
Will Grundy of Lowell Observatory, a co-investigator for NASA’s New Horizons mission which observed the Pluto system in 2015 and Arrokoth in January 2019, noted that the dwarf planet Eris is tilting more than 44 degrees.
Small world eccentricity, which indicates how far the orbit deviates from a perfect circle. Pluto’s orbit is elongated with an eccentricity of 0.25, while Earth’s orbit is nearly spherical.
According to him, such disturbances are dynamic enough that navigating a spacecraft through this orbit requires complex calculations.
New Horizons principal investigator Alan Stern of the Southwest Research Institute said there are four factors to consider about Pluto’s orbit. Its slope and eccentricity are the first two factors.
Pluto’s resonance with Neptune is the third. This massive gas giant is locked in a gravitational dance with Pluto, which keeps the two worlds in a regular orbital pattern. The fourth is what happens as a result of the resonance. For nearly 20 years each orbit, Pluto is closer to the sun than Neptune.
“It’s like clockwork,” Stern said, explaining that Neptune was always on the opposite side of the sun when this happened. “Because they are in this resonance, the planets do not collide.
Grundy added a fifth feature to Pluto’s list of orbital characteristics: Pluto and its largest moon, Charon, are roughly the same size. Charon has about half of Pluto’s mass.
Simply put, “Pluto and Charon are really dual planets,” according to Grundy, and this must be taken into account when planning the system’s orbit.
