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The most phenomenal is the mission to take space rock samples. Not only the Moon, but also an asteroid moving at high speed. Hard things to do in the Apollo era, which NASA prided itself on. (Also read: Spending IDR 12 Trillion, NASA’s OSIRIS-REx Successfully Takes Bennu Asteroid Rocks )
Previously during the Cold War, the US and Russia (Soviet Union) managed to carry lunar material by releasing astronaut missions to the Earth satellite. But in the golden age of space missions, researchers no longer needed to send manned aircraft to collect rock samples on the Moon to bring them to Earth.
This image, taken by the SamCam OSIRIS-REx camera on October 22, 2020, shows that the probe’s sampler head is full of rock and dust collected from the asteroid Bennu. Photo / NASA
Through the Chang’e 5 spacecraft, China for now has succeeded in transporting no less than 2 kilograms of lunar rock. Either from the surface or rock inside the Moon. Everything is taken robotic.
Not only Chang’e 5, Japan has even succeeded in bringing home the Asteroid Ryugu material millions of light years from Earth. Yes, the robotic mission was successfully carried out by the Habuyasa2 spacecraft. Last week’s plane had just landed in southern Australia. (Also read: Ryugu Asteroid Samples Land on Earth, NASA Astrobiologists Are Ready To Research )
The samples carried by the spacecraft are very important to researchers. “Working with these samples allows researchers to study the composition and age of celestial bodies with great precision,” said planetary scientist, Kathleen Vander Kaaden, of the Lunar and Planetary Institute in Houston, USA, Space.com.
The samples can tell astronomers if the asteroid contains organic material that may have caused life on Earth. “It could also reveal a more complete understanding of the spectrum of materials found in the solar system,” said Ann Nguyen, a planetary scientist at JSC’s Astromaterials Research and Exploration Science (ARES).
–The Chang’e 5 climbing vehicle on the Moon while at Mons Rumker on December 3, 2020. Photo / CNSA / CLEP
Scientists themselves are currently focusing on the Ryugu Asteroid material carried by Hayabusa2. The Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) named this brought space rock after a place in a Japanese fairy tale where a hero is given his long lost history in a box. Likewise, Hayabusa2 carries “parcels” that date back to the ancient solar system. (Also read: Through the Chang’e-5 Spacecraft, China Wants to Unravel the Mysteries of the Moon )
In addition to Chang’e 5, who is on his way back to Earth carrying material from the Moon, NASA is currently awaiting the return of its spacecraft after taking the Bennu Asteroid rock sample. The Rp12 trillion OSIRIS-REx mission was launched in September 2016 and arrived at Bennu at 1,640 feet (500 meters) wide in December 2018. Since then, the probe has measured the size of the asteroid, mapping its surface in incredible detail in preparation. sampling.
The Era of Historical Mission
Sampling missions or rock samples of celestial bodies began this century. NASA’s Stardust and Genesis missions collected interplanetary material in the 2000s. Meanwhile, JAXA’s predecessor Hayabusa2, Hayabusa, brought samples from the asteroid Itokawa to Earth in 2010. JAXA is also working on a mission to return the Martian Moon Exploration (MMX) sample to the Martian moon, Phobos.
Hayabusa2 isn’t the only mission of its kind currently active. NASA’s OSIRIS-REx mission encounters asteroid Bennu in October 2020. JAXA and NASA have an agreement to swap some of their asteroid samples with another agency.
China’s Chang’e 5 lunar sampling mission is currently on a return to Earth mission. China also launched its mission to Mars, Tianwen-1, last summer. Future sample return missions currently in the works include the Russian Lunar-25 mission, which is slated to launch to the moon in 2021.
–Asteroid Ryugu. Photo / JAXA
“I cannot stress enough how valuable the samples returned for enhancing our understanding of the origin and evolution of our solar system, and our place in the universe, and how we came about,” wrote Nguyen.
Nguyen used one of his earliest sampling missions to demonstrate the value of sample collection. “NASA’s Stardust mission returned material from the tail of Comet 81P / Wild 2 … The truly unexpected discovery was that the comet actually contained a lot of matter that formed in the inner solar system … (therefore) this material had to be transported over a distance. which is very far from the hot inner solar system to the cold outer solar system, “said Nguyen.
“These discoveries cannot be made by remote observation. By studying the smallest components of individual comets, we can make inferences about large-scale solar system processes,” said Nguyen.
According to Francis McCubbin, curator of astromaterials at NASA’s Johnson Space Center in Houston, astronomers are in the midst of a golden age for sampling missions. This was agreed by Vander Kaaden. (Also read: Arrogant to persecute Intel Kodim Agam, 4 Moge riders do not move during the trial )
“Over the next 10 years, we will probably bring back more samples from more sites than we have in the last 50 (years),” concluded McCubbin.
(iqb)
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