Sporozoa life cycle is a group of Protozoa that form Spores. All members of the Sporozoa will live as parasites.
They live inside the bodies of other organisms and do not have any means of locomotion. Basically, this group belongs to the unicellular protists.
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Getting to Know the Sporozoa Life Cycle
Sporozoa is a group of living organisms Protozoa. The name Sporozoa comes from the Greek, namely spore which means seed and zoa which means animal.
So, the meaning of Sporozoa itself is a group of unicellular or single-celled protists that have a change to spore form in their life cycle. The life cycle of the Sporozoa itself is quite complicated because it depends on a single host.
It will form spores in the body of certain organisms. In addition, during the lifetime of Sporozoa sporulation will occur, namely the division of each cell nucleus repeatedly.
This process will later produce many nuclei, each of which is surrounded by cytoplasm and begins to form new individuals. Sporozoa move by changing the position of their bodies.
The body will be round, oval, and generally parasitic, causing disease in animals and humans. Sporozoa obtain food by absorbing substances from the host.
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Morphology of Sporozoa
The following is the morphology of Sporozoa:
- Sporozoa do not have a special locomotion. They perform movements by changing the position of their bodies in the host.
- Has spores that are oval in shape.
- Sporozoa have two anteriorly polar capsules, are of equal size, paired in a flask-shaped pair, and are situated at an angle to the longitudinal axis with the posterior end.
- The polar walls are not clearly visible.
- The front of the anterior end is equal to the width of the posterior.
In addition, the process of respiration and excretion in the life cycle of Sporozoa is by diffusion. The body size of Sporozoa can also only reach 10 mm.
Sporozoa will reproduce asexually by vegetative way. Sporozoa that enter the human body through mosquitoes or others will be in the reticuloendothelial system which attacks erythrocytes and becomes trophozoites.
Trophozoites have a ring-like shape and become schizont. Then divide repeatedly into 6-36 merozoites. Later, the merozoites will grow into new sporozoites.
While sexual reproduction occurs when there is a marriage between microgametes and macrogametes. Mating will of course produce a zygote and continue to grow into new Sporozoites.
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Examples of Sporozoa
One example of Sporozoa is Plasmodium. The vector of this Sporozoa is the female Anopheles mosquito.
Some examples of species of Plasmodium Sporozoa are Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium vivax, Plasmodium ovale, and Toxoplasma gondi.
Plasmodium will cause malaria in the human body. These sporozoans will live as parasites in the red blood cells of humans and other vertebrates.
During its life, Plasmodium Sporozoa will experience two phases. The two phases are called sporogony and schizogony.
The sporogony phase is the life cycle of Sporozoa in the female Anopheles mosquito. While the schizogony phase occurs in the human body. (R10/HR-Online)
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