Tsang Jiacheng mentioned that overweight pregnant mothers may increase the risk of asthma in their children; the picture shows the situation. (Picture taken from shutterstock)
[Health Channel/Comprehensive Report]Many pregnant women will take some nutritional supplements and adjust their diet to prevent their children from allergic constitution. In this regard, otolaryngology clinic physician Zeng Jiacheng quoted from “GINA 2023 latest guidelines-primary prevention of asthma” mentioned that there is currently no medical evidence that dietary adjustments are effective, but some studies have pointed out that women with asthma who maintain adequate vitamin D during pregnancy and preparations for pregnancy may be able to reduce the risk of wheezing in early childhood. But more importantly, To prevent allergies, avoid exposure to cigarettes, encourage natural birth, and avoid using broad-acting antibiotics before the child is 1 year old.
Weight gain increases children’s risk of asthma
Can asthma in children be prevented? Tsang Ka-shing’s Facebook fan page “Bookworm’s Gnawing Diary“Posted a post to share that asthma is caused by the interaction between genes and the environment. Therefore, in theory, when the fetus is in the womb or in early childhood, there is a “window of opportunity (golden period)” to avoid asthma. However, currently there are no relevant interventional studies Limited and cannot be completely determined.
What can mothers eat during pregnancy to prevent asthma and allergies in their children? Tsang Jiacheng mentioned that a large number of studies have pointed out that no specific foods can reduce the risk of asthma. However, some observational studies have found that mothers who consume peanuts, milk or fish and other allergy-prone foods are less associated with children’s allergies and asthma. Related; In addition, pregnant women’s intake of fish oil or long-chain unsaturated fatty acids has no obvious preventive effect. Therefore, it is not recommended for pregnant women to make dietary adjustments to reduce the risk of allergies or asthma.
If the child or pregnant woman is overweight, it may affect allergies and asthma. Tsang Jiacheng explained that studies have shown that maternal obesity or weight gain during pregnancy will increase the risk of asthma in children, which means that the mother’s BMI (body mass index) increases by 1. The risk of asthma and wheezing in children increases by 2-3%. In addition, a higher fetal weight will also increase the chance of asthma. However, there are currently no clear recommendations, so pregnant women are not encouraged to lose weight on their own without guidance.
Tsang Jiacheng explained that encouraging breastfeeding is mainly due to other benefits, rather than preventing asthma; the situational photo, the person in the picture has nothing to do with this article. (Picture taken from freepik)
Do not let children avoid breast milk and allergenic foods
Regarding the relationship between breast milk and allergies, Tsang Jiacheng explained that the current conclusions are inconsistent. He also mentioned that although breast milk can reduce the risk of asthma in children in early life, it does not seem to be able to prevent the occurrence of persistent asthma in children. Therefore, breastfeeding is encouraged mainly because of other reasons. Benefits rather than prevention of asthma.
Regarding the feeding timing of non-staple foods, Tsang Jiacheng said that there is no evidence that delaying the introduction of allergic foods to children can reduce the occurrence of allergies. On the contrary, consuming peanuts early may prevent children from severe peanut allergies.
Vitamin D supplementation may be effective for pregnant women with asthma
Regarding the relationship between nutritional supplements and allergies, Tsang Jiacheng mentioned that observational studies and retrospective studies have pointed out that supplementing vitamins D and E can reduce the risk of asthma in children in early life, but two randomized studies on vitamin D supplementation in pregnant women failed to confirm its effect. . If two randomized studies are combined, it can be concluded that vitamin D supplementation can reduce the probability of asthma in children aged 0-3 by 25%, especially in maintaining the blood vitamin level of pregnant women >30ng/ml; but when the child reaches 6 years old, supplementation Vitamin D is not effective in preventing asthma.
As for fish oil, Tsang explained that generational and randomized studies have shown that there is no evidence that fish oil or long-chain unsaturated fatty acids have a sustained and consistent effect on asthma or allergies. In addition, comprehensive analysis can also conclude that there is currently insufficient evidence to recommend the use of probiotics to prevent allergic diseases.
Allergy to external substances
Regarding the occurrence of asthma, Zeng Jiacheng said that preventing indoor allergens is more important than outdoor allergens. For example, exposure to mites is directly proportional to the risk of asthma. However, for animal allergens, the results are mixed, so there is not enough evidence to predict the occurrence of asthma. It is recommended that people reduce or increase their exposure to allergens to reduce asthma or allergic diseases.
However, the living environment does affect the risk of asthma. For example, the Tseng family said that if the mother smokes, lives next to the road, or if the pregnant woman is exposed to NO2, SO2 and PM 10, the risk of asthma in children will increase. Statistics show that, About 13% of childhood asthma globally can be traced to traffic air pollution.
Some microorganisms are beneficial in preventing asthma
According to the hygiene hypothesis or the biodiversity hypothesis, interactions between humans and microbes may be beneficial in preventing asthma. Zeng Jiacheng further explained that children who grew up on farms and consumed unpasteurized raw milk, children whose bedrooms contained higher levels of bacterial lipopolysaccharide endotoxins, and those who kept more than two dogs and cats at home were at lower risk of asthma.
Tsang Jiacheng also mentioned that it may be because the fetus is exposed to vaginal bacteria, which changes the initial intestinal bacterial ecology. Therefore, babies born naturally have a lower risk of asthma than those born by caesarean section; in addition, infection with respiratory tract synovial virus (RSV) will Increases the risk of asthma. However, if premature infants are given monthly injections of RSV monoclonal antibodies to prevent RSV infection, the effect of preventing asthma is not clear.
Avoid exposing children to antibiotics too early
Taking some drugs may increase the risk of asthma. Tsang Jiacheng said that if pregnant women and children receive antibiotics in their early years, the risk of asthma will increase. However, there are different conclusions on the increased risk of asthma when taking painkillers and pranagin, and there is currently no evidence to show that. Vaccines increase asthma risk.
In addition, Tsang Jiacheng added that during pregnancy or early childhood, women’s frustration in adapting to the role of “mother” will also increase the risk of children’s asthma. According to comprehensive analysis, obesity or being overweight is the risk of children’s asthma. One of the factors, especially girls.
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2023-09-24 12:55:00
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