The Historical Background of the Israel-Palestine Conflict

The Islamic group Hamas began attacking Israel on the 7th, and the Israeli military continued to retaliate with large-scale airstrikes, marking three weeks on the 28th. In the Palestinian autonomous region of Gaza, which is effectively controlled by Hamas, many people have been killed, including more than 3,000 children, but Israel remains poised to launch a full-scale ground invasion. There is a long historical connection to this endless quagmire of conflict. (External News Department)

The Old Testament records that God gave the land of Jerusalem to the Jews, and King David of Judea founded his kingdom around 1000 BC.

In 70 AD, Jerusalem was destroyed by the Roman army, and in the first half of the 2nd century, Jews were expelled from the holy city of Jerusalem, which had been conquered by the Roman Empire. This is the beginning of diaspora.

After that, the land of Palestine was occupied by Islamic forces and Crusaders. Meanwhile, Jews were persecuted in Europe.

In the 19th century, Zionism, which aimed to establish a Jewish state on Mount Zion (Jerusalem), gained momentum, and Jewish settlement increased.

When World War I began in 1914, Britain, which fought against the Ottoman Empire, engaged in “triangular diplomacy” to gain cooperation from each power. The Hussein-McMahon Agreement (promised national independence to the Arabs), the Sykes-Picot Agreement (agreed to divide France, Russia, and the Ottoman Empire), and the Balfour Declaration (promised the creation of a nation for the Jews), which were all abandoned until today. This sparked continued conflict. After the war, Palestine became a British mandate, and Jews began to immigrate there.

During World War II, approximately 6 million Jews were murdered in Nazi Germany’s Holocaust (genocide of Jews). After the war, Western countries, witnessing the tragedy, began to support the Zionist movement.

In 1947, the United Nations General Assembly adopted a resolution dividing Palestine into two states, Jewish and Arab, and placing Jerusalem under international control.


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2023-10-28 21:00:00