The sowing of wheat began to take its first steps in agricultural areas. The first implanted are the long cycles, which are the ones with the highest yield potential and, therefore, more demanding of more and better nutrition.
In this sense, the INTA Oliveros expert, Fernando Salvagiotti, provided four key concepts to define the best fertilization management.
“The first thing we have to think about is the dose to be applied and that leads to associating it with nitrogen, which is the main nutrient that it will demand depending on the crop’s yield potential ”, he explains, which starts from a good characterization of the environments through fundamental soil analysis.
According to their data, as a minimum and to achieve an acceptable potential for wheat yield, it is necessary to think about applying between 140 to 150 kilos of nitrogen (sum of what is available at sowing in the soil plus the application of fertilizer).
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The other key nutrient for optimal cereal production is match. In this case, measurements of Bray phosphorus (P Bray) suggest that with a soil endowment of 18 parts per million of phosphorus, it is advisable to apply a dose of 10 to 15 kilos of a phosphate fertilizer source.
“This nutrient must be thought strategically for the second-rate wheat / soybean binomial or, in other cases, second-rate wheat / corn,” he said. In addition, he advised applying zinc (at a rate of 1 to 1.5 kilos per hectare) when the availability is below one part per million.
When defining the fountain nitrogenous, according to Salvagiotti, it is necessary to know the degree, that is, the concentration of nutrient per kilo of fertilizer in the case of solids while, on the liquid side, it is necessary to know what density of nutrient is concentrated.
In phosphorous, it is necessary to relapse into solubility, although almost all sources available on the market are soluble and, for their part, in the case of zinc the important thing is to check that the fertilizer has in its composition the soluble form, which is sulfate.
In all cases, the expert recommends, you have to look at the price relationship, as appropriate in each case.
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Another rule to consider is the time of application of the fertilizer and, in these cases, you have to try to match the optimal demand moment cultivation and application.
“It is advisable to divide the dose and not extend beyond the tillering of the crop to reapply. This allows to divide the risks ”, recommended Salvagiotti.
Regarding the positioning of the fertilizer, the expert refers to the fact that, at this point, it matters a lot what machinery each producer has.
“To avoid losses, the specialist says that the fertilizer must be placed as close to the seed as possible, avoiding contact to minimize the phytotoxic effects. Similarly, it happens with phosphate fertilizer, ”Salvagiotti said.
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