The “prostate gland” (Prostate gland) unique to men is located below the bladder and in front of the rectum, forming a ring around the urethra; urine is excreted through the urethra, and semen is also ejected through the same channel; the fluid produced by the prostate is semen one of the main components.
Prostate cells become cancerous, forming “prostate cancer”, which may spread to other organs and tissues of the body, such as lymph nodes and bones. In recent years, the number of Hong Kong people suffering from “prostate cancer” has risen sharply, which may be partly related to the screening of cancer markers. The age of prostate cancer patients is generally above 50 years old, and young people are less affected; most cancer cells grow slowly, and there are no symptoms at the initial stage.
A blood test for “Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA)” can help screen for prostate cancer. The doctor puts his finger into the anus, extends upwards into the rectum, and presses the rectal wall to know whether there is any obvious abnormality in the prostate. If prostate cancer is suspected after the initial test, follow-up tests include a biopsy, in which a small tissue sample is removed from the prostate and viewed under a microscope for signs of cancer; other tests include ultrasound scans, MRI scans, Electronic computer scan.
There are many factors to consider before planning treatment for prostate cancer. For very early stage prostate cancer, you can choose to delay treatment and have regular checkups, and start treatment when the tumor grows faster. For prostate cancer that has not spread, surgery to remove the prostate may be considered, or radiation therapy may be an option. The new generation of electrotherapy technology uses magnetic resonance scanning to monitor the whole process, and “proton therapy” can also be considered to precisely target the tumor, with fewer treatment days and less side effects.
Other options include “hormone therapy”. Androgens in the patient’s body stimulate the growth of prostate cancer, and hormone therapy reduces androgen levels, thereby shrinking the tumor. Hormone therapy involves taking drugs or undergoing “orchiectomy” to reduce the secretion of male hormones in the patient’s body. Hormone therapy is more suitable for patients with advanced disease, but individual patients with early disease may also be suitable, and it is usually performed simultaneously with radiation therapy or surgery. Chemotherapy drugs can kill cancer cells and prevent their growth. For advanced prostate cancer, hormone therapy is not effective, chemotherapy may be considered. In some cases, chemotherapy and hormone therapy can be given at the same time.
(This column is published every Thursday)
Written by: Leung Hsien-sun Hematology and Hematology Oncology Physician
Column Name: Medical Qing Medical Conditions
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The “prostate gland” (Prostate gland) unique to men is located below the bladder and in front of the rectum, forming a ring around the urethra; urine is excreted through the urethra, and semen is also ejected through the same channel; the fluid produced by the prostate is semen one of the main components.prostate gland
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