Situation of syphilis in 2021 from the Department of Disease Control Ministry of Public Health It was found that Thailand has 10,000 people infected with syphilis, or 15 cases per 100,000 population. It was found that between males and females the proportion of infections is similar. That is, 60 percent are male and 40 percent are female. Chiang Mai has the second highest number of people infected with syphilis in the country. At the same time, the situation of people infected with gonorrhea is less common than people infected with syphilis, accounting for 8 cases per 100,000 population, the proportion found is 90 percent male, 10 percent female.
🔹What is syphilis?
Syphilis is a group of bacterial infections. that is transmitted through sexual intercourse, called Treponema pallidum
Symptoms are divided into stages, including:
2. Phase 2: The patient will have a fever. Body aches enlarged lymph nodes and rashes all over the body, especially the palms and soles of the feet This period can also heal on its own.
3. Latent period if not treated Infections lurk inside the body. Which can be latent for up to 10 years. In this stage, no lesions will be found. and there will be no symptoms This stage is often discovered accidentally through a blood test.
4. Stage 3 will have increased severity of the disease. There are complications in various systems in the body, such as complications in the cardiovascular system. Causes the aorta of the heart to aneurysm. and can cause the heart valve to leak. Or lumps may be found in various organs, such as lumps in the bones, lumps in the joints, or lumps in the liver, etc. If you are found to be sick in the early stages and do not receive treatment, there is a chance that it will develop into stage 3.
In addition to these stages, the infection can include infections of the central nervous system, eyes, and ears. If there is an infection in the central nervous system, Patients may present with numbness or weakness on one side. which is caused by a stroke or rupture of the brain Have abnormal balance symptoms or memory loss as well If there is an eye infection, it will cause blurred vision. abnormal vision If there is an ear infection, it can cause hearing loss or ringing in the ears.
🔹What is gonorrhea?
Gonorrhea is a sexually transmitted infection. It comes from a type of bacteria called Niceria gonorrhea.
System specific symptoms
In males, if they have gonorrhea, symptoms include burning or burning when urinating. Some people have pus flowing from the tip of the urethra. Or some people have pain in the testicle area.
In females who are infected, they often have no symptoms. But if symptoms appear, there will be abnormal vaginal discharge. without itching or have pain when having sex Pelvic pain, lower abdominal pain, burning sensation when urinating.
In the group that had anal sex There will be problems with pain in the buttocks, pus flowing, or abnormal secretions coming out of the anus. Or, in some cases, having oral sex can cause pus to form around the tonsils.
Some patients have complications such as an abscess. In women, they have pelvic inflammatory disease that can cause infertility in the future. or ectopic pregnancy In males, if the epididymis or testicles are inflamed, it can cause sterility in the future. Or in very severe cases, gonorrhea can infect the bloodstream. And can spread to other organs, such as infections in various joints and tendons, heart valve infections. Infection of the brain membranes
🔹Main risk factors that cause disease
Have unprotected sex Not wearing a condom or frequently changing sexual partners It will increase the chance of infection.
Infection by other factors such as infection from mother to child If you have syphilis It can be contracted as a baby while in the womb. Or it can get stuck while the mother is giving birth.
But at present, prenatal care is screened by a doctor. Most often, when mothers receive proper prenatal care, they will receive care, examination, and treatment for syphilis. The chance of spreading to infants is low. If not treated or pregnant without knowing that she is infected Babies will have a chance of getting infected. This can result in complications in the baby, such as having a low birth weight. Growth is not good Can cause the mother to have an abortion. or the baby died while in the womb In terms of gonorrhea It can be transmitted from mother to child, but only at birth. The most common infection location occurs around the eye. The child will have gonorrhea in the eyes. If children do not receive treatment, complications of the disease may occur.
🔹Can syphilis and gonorrhea be cured?
Can be completely cured Because these diseases are infectious diseases If given antibiotics, it can be completely cured. This is because the effectiveness of current medicines and treatments is very good. And sexual partners should be advised to receive treatment as well. However, this disease can recur. Because the patient gets a new infection, it can come back again.
Thank you for the information from: Dr. Kawisara Krasaewet
Lecturer in the Department of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Department of Internal Medicine Faculty of Medicine, CMU.
Arranged by: Miss Nanthaphon Rabin
Photo / News : Corporate Communications Group
Public relations work
Faculty of Medicine
Chiang Mai University
2024-02-09 09:41:41
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