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The skies in the state of Florida suddenly turned purple before and during Hurricane Milton. Photo/Wired
Some believe that this is a sign of the apocalypse or something terrible, but this natural phenomenon can be scientifically explained.
Excerpted from Wired, Saturday (12/10/2024) The strange skies ahead of and through the storm show how light travels in the atmosphere when it’s full of vapor unusual rain, dust and debris.
To explain the phenomenon of the purple sky, the first thing that needs to be understood is about light and color.
Light and color
Visible light is a narrow band of the electromagnetic spectrum with wavelengths from 700 to 380 nanometers. Within this range, the human eye interprets different wavelengths as different colors. That is red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and purple, in order from longest to shortest, aka a rainbow.
In fact, the human eye has only three color sensors – one for red, green and blue. The intensity of the light detected by each sensor, and the combination of the three, gives the other colors to the eye.
If the eye finds the same amount of each color, it sees it as white. Purple is one wavelength near 380 nm, at the limit of what the human eye can see.
Blue and red colors in the sky
If the sun produces white light, why does the human eye see different colors in the sky? The answer is that when electromagnetic waves collide with small particles in the atmosphere, some of them are scattered.
The exact effect depends on the size of the particles and the wavelength of the light. With very small elements such as oxygen and nitrogen molecules, shorter wavelengths (blue and violet) are scattered more than longer wavelengths (such as red and orange).
This means that when sunlight flows through the atmosphere, mostly red and yellow will go straight through and blue and purple will be scattered. If we were to stand on the surface of the Earth and look up, we would see everything that scattered blue and purple light. That’s why the sky on a clear day looks blue.
2024-10-12 10:05:00
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