Thailand’s Fisheries Act Overhaul: A Step Toward Lasting Fishing and Fairness for Fishermen
On January 13, 2025, Thailand’s Senate convened to discuss a pivotal draft bill aimed at amending the Fisheries Emergency Decree, B.E. 2015. Chaired by Gen. Kriangkrai Srirak, the 1st Vice President of the Senate, the meeting focused on addressing critical issues in the nation’s fishing industry. the proposed amendments, spearheaded by Mr.Akara Phromphao, Deputy Minister of Agriculture and Cooperatives, aim to tackle illegal fishing, protect aquatic resources, and ensure fairness for local fishermen.
Key Amendments and Their Implications
The draft bill introduces 71 amendments to Section 24 of the Fisheries Act, targeting the regulation of Thai fisheries and general waters. these changes are designed to prevent illegal fishing, preserve aquatic resources, and maintain environmental sustainability. Notably, the amendments aim to protect seafarers’ welfare, curb illegal labor practices, and support local fishing communities.One significant change is the revision of local fishing licence eligibility. Moving forward, only Thai nationals will be eligible for these licenses. Additionally, the bill repeals provisions that previously barred artisanal fishing license holders from operating in offshore zones, ensuring that local fishermen’s rights are no longer restricted.
Mr. Akara emphasized that the amendments also address the criteria for issuing notices prohibiting the catching or transporting of aquatic animals. Such notices will now require approval from the National Fisheries Policy Committee. Furthermore,the bill permits the use of purse seine equipment with eyelets smaller than 2.5 centimeters for night fishing, provided it adheres to specific regulations.
Reduced Penalties and Fairer Enforcement
A notable shift in the draft bill is the reduction of penalties for illegal fishing. Previously, offenders faced fines of up to 30 million baht. Under the new amendments, the maximum fine has been reduced to 1 million baht or five times the value of the aquatic animals obtained from illegal fishing, whichever is higher. This change aims to alleviate the financial burden on fishermen while still holding offenders accountable.
“confirm that the benefits that people will receive from this law will result in alleviating the suffering of fishermen. Those who engage in fishing in good faith will receive fairness,” Mr. Akara stated during the meeting.
Concerns Over Fishing Practices
While the amendments aim to modernize Thailand’s fishing regulations, concerns where raised during the Senate meeting.Mr. Thawatch Suraban, chairman of the Senate Agriculture and Cooperatives Committee, highlighted inconsistencies between the current law and Thailand’s fishing practices. He pointed out that Section 69,which governs fishing outside the 12-nautical-mile zone,requires careful consideration to avoid unintended consequences,such as the capture of non-targeted or young aquatic animals.
Mr.Thawatch stressed the importance of separating offenses into two categories: those occurring in Thai waters and those in international waters. This distinction, he argued, woudl better align the law with Thailand’s unique fishing context.
A Path Forward
The Senate’s discussion also touched on the use of fine-eyed nets, a contentious issue due to their potential to harm young aquatic animals. the draft bill seeks to regulate such practices, ensuring that fishing methods are both sustainable and humane.
As the bill moves forward, stakeholders from both the public and private sectors will have the opportunity to provide input, ensuring that the final regulations are thorough and effective.
Summary of Key Changes
| Aspect | Current Regulation | Proposed Amendment |
|———————————|————————————–|————————————–|
| Fishing License Eligibility | Open to non-Thai nationals | Restricted to Thai nationals only |
| Offshore Fishing Rights | Restricted for artisanal fishermen | Allowed for artisanal fishermen |
| Maximum Fine for Violations | Up to 30 million baht | Up to 1 million baht or 5x value |
| Night Fishing Equipment | Restricted | Allowed with specific regulations |
Thailand’s proposed amendments to the Fisheries Act mark a significant step toward sustainable fishing practices and fair treatment for fishermen. By addressing illegal fishing, protecting aquatic resources, and ensuring equitable enforcement, the draft bill aims to create a more balanced and sustainable future for the nation’s fishing industry.
For more details on international efforts to combat illegal fishing, explore the Illegal Fishing and Forced Labor Prevention Act [[1]].
Thailand’s Fishing Crisis: A Short-Term Gain with Long-Term Consequences
Thailand’s fishing industry is at a crossroads, as recent legislative amendments aimed at boosting commercial fisheries have sparked widespread concern among environmentalists, local fishermen, and policymakers.The proposed changes, which allow the use of fine-eyed nets and nighttime fishing with luring lights, are intended to increase the catch of anchovies. However, critics argue that these measures could devastate aquatic ecosystems and harm the long-term sustainability of Thailand’s fishing economy.
The Proposed Amendments and Their Implications
The amendment to Section 69 of Thailand’s fisheries law permits the use of nets with a diameter of less than 2.5 centimeters for nighttime fishing beyond 12 nautical miles. While this move is designed to help commercial fisheries catch more anchovies, it has raised alarms about the potential overfishing of juvenile aquatic species.
Senator Naraset Pratchayakorn has voiced concerns that the amendment could lead to a significant decline in aquatic populations. “Turning on the light to lure and catch aquatic animals will reduce their numbers in the future,” he warned.This practice not only disrupts the natural growth cycles of young fish but also threatens the delicate balance of marine ecosystems.
The issue is particularly pressing given Thailand’s recent history with the mackerel crisis. Over the past six years, the country has had to import 90% of its mackerel due to dwindling local stocks. This reliance on imports highlights the fragility of Thailand’s fishing industry and underscores the need for sustainable practices.
Environmental and Economic Fallout
The use of fine-eyed nets and luring lights has been criticized for its destructive impact on marine life. Senator Seranee Anilbol, who brought a small-eye net and a kilogram of dried mackerel to a Senate discussion, highlighted the severity of the problem. “in one kilogram of dried fish, I counted 1,000 mackerel, with less than half being anchovies. The rest were sea bream, baby shrimp, baby crabs, and baby squid,” she explained.
This indiscriminate fishing method not only captures juvenile fish but also disrupts the food chain,leading to long-term ecological damage. “It cuts off the growth of young aquatic animals and destroys the ecosystem’s food chain,” Anilbol added.
The economic implications are equally concerning. While the amendment may provide short-term benefits for commercial fisheries, it could have devastating effects on local fisheries and the seafood processing industry.The decline in aquatic populations would reduce the availability of fish, driving up costs and threatening the livelihoods of thousands of workers in the sector.
Senate vote and Public Outcry
The Senate recently voted on the amendment, with 165 members in favor, 11 against, 7 abstaining, and 1 not voting. A special committee of 21 members was appointed to review the resolution within seven days. However, the absence of public sector representatives on the committee has drawn criticism from fishing groups, who argue that their voices are not being heard.
Fishing communities from Prachuap Khiri Khan Province have gathered in front of Parliament to demand greater transparency and accountability. They fear that the new regulations will lead to legal misconduct, as the Fisheries Department lacks the resources to effectively monitor and enforce compliance.
A Call for Sustainable Solutions
The ongoing debate highlights the need for a balanced approach that considers both economic and environmental factors. While the amendment may offer temporary relief for commercial fisheries, its long-term consequences could be catastrophic.
To address these challenges, stakeholders must prioritize sustainable fishing practices, invest in marine conservation, and ensure that all voices are represented in the decision-making process. Only by taking a holistic approach can Thailand safeguard its marine resources and secure the future of its fishing industry.
Key Points at a Glance
| Issue | Details |
|——————————-|—————————————————————————–|
| Amendment to Section 69 | Allows fine-eyed nets and nighttime fishing beyond 12 nautical miles. |
| Environmental Impact | Threatens juvenile aquatic species and disrupts marine ecosystems. |
| Economic Consequences | Risks long-term decline in fish stocks, affecting local and commercial fisheries. |
| Senate Vote | 165 in favor, 11 against, 7 abstained, 1 did not vote. |
| Public Concerns | Lack of public sector portrayal on the special committee. |
Thailand’s fishing industry is at a critical juncture. while the proposed amendments may offer short-term gains, the long-term costs could be devastating.by prioritizing sustainability and inclusivity, Thailand can protect its marine resources and ensure a thriving future for its fishing communities.
For more insights on sustainable fishing practices,visit World Wildlife Fund.
