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High risk of complications and mortality… Caused by sedentary lifestyle and lack of protein
As is well known, sarcopenia, a decrease in strength and muscle mass, is directly related to health problems. Not to mention obesity. However, sarcopenic obesity, where these two coexist, can be said to be a problem on another level. It can be said to be a state of body composition in which one is obese but has low muscle mass. Approximately 11% of the elderly population worldwide falls into this condition, and the frequency is known to increase sharply after the age of 70. The reason for concern about sarcopenic obesity is that the risk of complications or death is higher compared to simply sarcopenia or obesity.
There are various causes of sarcopenic obesity. Getting older is one of the biggest causes, followed by a sedentary lifestyle, factors such as unhealthy eating habits or insulin resistance, and factors such as systemic inflammatory response and oxidative stress, which all work together to affect the quality and quality of muscle mass and strength. causes a quantitative decrease. At the same time, it also causes an increase in fat mass.
In general, the main cause of sarcopenia and obesity due to aging is a decrease in physical activity and protein intake. As a result, body energy consumption decreases and insulin resistance increases. The size and number of fat cells increase, and immune cells infiltrate the fat tissue, causing an inflammatory response. As a result, it is understood that a continuous inflammatory response occurs in the body and affects the systemic circulatory system. This systemic low-level inflammatory response increases insulin resistance, which increases inflammatory response and oxidative stress, and causes the accumulation of ‘ectopic fat’, such as fat accumulation in muscles, falling into a vicious cycle.
Not only does it affect fat accumulation, but low-level systemic inflammation and fat accumulation within muscles also cause dysfunction in the mitochondria, the powerhouses within our body’s cells. It also causes an imbalance in myokine, a hormone secreted from muscle cells. In this process, it induces muscle cell dysfunction and cell death.
ⓒCurrent Affairs Journal Jonghyun Lee
You should consume more than 1g/kg of protein per day.
So what problems does sarcopenic obesity cause? For example, if you have sarcopenic obesity, the risk of metabolic disorders increases. The risk of type 2 diabetes increases and the risk of dyslipidemia and subsequent cardiovascular disease increases. In addition, loss of muscle mass, strength, and physical function may lead to difficulties in daily activities and increase the risk of falls and fractures. These changes can lead to social isolation and depression. Another health risk is that excess fat accumulation around the abdomen can interfere with lung function.
In sarcopenic obese patients, respiratory efficiency is further reduced due to not only abdominal obesity but also decreased muscle mass. This reduces the cleaning ability that keeps the airways clear and can increase the risk of respiratory diseases such as respiratory infections. They are also known to have increased surgical and anesthesia risks, including being more susceptible to surgical complications, greater risk of post-operative infection, and slower recovery.
Sarcopenic obese patients are a little more difficult because they must achieve weight loss and muscle mass gain simultaneously. In particular, for elderly patients, there are health benefits from weight loss, but since there are health risks associated with weight loss, the target weight or speed of loss must be determined by carefully weighing the pros and cons. Sometimes you have to make a choice that doesn’t make weight loss itself your top priority.
The basic principles for escaping from sarcopenic obesity are controlling calorie intake, exercising, and protein intake. In particular, to prevent muscle mass loss during weight control, it is recommended to consume 1.0 to 1.2 g/kg of protein per day, and in some cases, up to 1.5 g/kg per day. It is essential to combine resistance exercise with aerobic exercise. This treatment strategy must be tailored to each individual condition.
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2024-01-21 07:05:00
#Beware #sarcopenic #obesity #fat #muscle #mass #오윤환의 #느낌표 #건강
