Rising Rates of Cancer in Young People: Expert Shares Prevention and Early Detection Tips
Cancer is often associated with older individuals, but recent data shows that cases among younger people are on the rise. Colorectal, breast, and cervical cancers are becoming more prevalent in individuals under the age of 50. Christina Annunziata, senior vice president of extramural discovery science at the American Cancer Society (ACS), has shared three essential tips for catching signs early or reducing the risk of developing these types of cancer.
Colorectal cancer, also known as colon or rectal cancer, has become the leading cause of cancer death for men under 50 and the second deadliest for women in the same age group. The ACS’s 2024 Cancer statistics reveal that colorectal cancer deaths among people under 55 have been increasing by approximately 1% per year since the mid-2000s. Breast cancer cases have also been rising, with a yearly increase of about 0.6% since the mid-2000s. Interestingly, the rise is more pronounced in women under 50 than in those aged 50 and older.
Furthermore, cervical cancer cases have been increasing among women aged between 30 and 44. From 2012 to 2019, the incidence rate for women in this age group rose by 1.7% per year. However, there has been a decline of 11% per year in cases among women aged between 20 and 24, likely due to the availability of the HPV vaccine.
Annunziata emphasizes that screening tests are available for these specific types of cancer, enabling early detection or even pre-cancerous detection. She believes that by following recommended screening guidelines, it is possible to reverse the rising trend of cancer in young people. However, she expresses concern if no action is taken.
To help younger individuals reduce their risk of developing cancer or increase the chances of catching it early, Annunziata shares three important tips:
1. Know your family history: Understanding if any cancers run in your family and at what age they developed is crucial. Hereditary cancers tend to manifest at earlier ages. For example, individuals with Lynch syndrome, a genetic condition, have an increased risk of developing colorectal cancer by 20 to 80%. Similarly, having the BRAC1 or BRAC2 gene mutation increases the likelihood of developing breast cancer by 45% to 85%. By knowing family history, individuals can assess their own risk and communicate concerns to their doctors effectively.
2. Advocate for yourself in the doctor’s office: General signs of cancer, such as weight loss, fatigue, and nausea, can be vague and easily dismissed by doctors, especially in younger individuals who are otherwise healthy. Annunziata encourages individuals to advocate for themselves if they feel that something is off. If symptoms persist or worsen, it is essential to seek medical attention.
3. Get screened: Screening is crucial for early detection and treatment. Breast cancer screening should begin in the 40s for individuals with no known family history, and earlier for those with a family history. Cervical cancer screening should start in the teens or 20s. Colorectal cancer screening should commence at age 45. There are various screening tools available for each type of cancer.
In conclusion, the rising rates of cancer among young people are concerning but can be addressed through prevention and early detection measures. By understanding family history, advocating for oneself in the doctor’s office, and undergoing regular screenings, individuals can reduce their risk and catch signs of cancer at an early stage. It is essential for young people to prioritize their health and take proactive steps to protect themselves from these potentially life-threatening diseases.
