Rising Cases of Colorectal Cancer in Younger Population: Causes and Solutions
Colorectal cancer is on the rise among younger individuals, with cases expected to nearly double by 2030. In fact, it is projected to become the leading cause of death for people aged 20 to 49. While overall colon cancer diagnoses have decreased, the increase in cases among younger patients is a cause for concern. Experts are trying to understand the causes behind this trend and find solutions to lower the rates of the disease in this population.
The Origins of Young Onset Colorectal Cancers
Researchers believe that there were significant changes in the 1950s and 1960s that triggered the current cases of young onset colorectal cancers. Dr. Robin Mendelsohn, a gastroenterologist and Co-Director at the Center for Young Onset Colorectal and Gastrointestinal Cancers at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, suggests that it is likely a combination of behavioral and environmental changes rather than one specific cause. Factors being investigated include the age of parents at the time of the patient’s birth, method of birth (Caesarean section or natural), breastfeeding, antibiotic use, and even exposure to wifi.
Late Diagnoses and Challenges Faced by Younger Patients
One of the reasons why younger patients tend to be diagnosed at later, more advanced stages of the disease is because they are not being screened regularly. Additionally, they may have to visit multiple doctors before receiving a correct diagnosis. April Witzel, a nurse practitioner and midwife, experienced this firsthand when she was diagnosed with colorectal cancer at age 45. Despite her medical knowledge, she had to advocate for herself to receive the care she needed. Witzel’s story serves as a reminder that younger people should not hesitate to push for appropriate testing and treatment.
Key Differences and Screening Recommendations
Younger colorectal cancer patients often do not have a family history of the disease or a genetic predisposition to it. Surprisingly, many of these patients have healthy lifestyles, such as being vegetarians or marathon runners, which are typically associated with a lower risk of developing colorectal cancer. Dr. Mendelsohn emphasizes the importance of early screening and urges everyone over the age of 45 to get a colonoscopy or other screening test. While mail-away tests are reliable and helpful, colonoscopies remain the gold standard due to their ability to detect polyps and remove them during the procedure.
African Americans at Increased Risk
Black men and women are particularly at risk for developing colorectal cancer. Timothy Mitchell, who was diagnosed at age 43, highlights the lack of communication within his family regarding illnesses and symptoms. This lack of information put him at an increased risk due to Lynch syndrome, a genetic condition that predisposes individuals to colorectal cancer. Mitchell now advocates for early screenings and encourages his sons to get their first colonoscopies in their early 30s.
Knowing Your Family History and Seeking Medical Attention
Knowing your family history is crucial in identifying potential risks for colorectal cancer. If there is a history of Lynch syndrome or colon cancer in your family, early screening is essential. Additionally, anyone experiencing significant changes in bowel habits or noticing blood in their stool should consult a doctor. While rectal bleeding does not always indicate cancer, it is important to get checked to rule out any serious conditions.
The Importance of Advocacy and Support
Finding a doctor who takes your concerns seriously and makes you feel comfortable is vital. Many people find discussing bodily functions embarrassing, but it is essential to share your symptoms and advocate for yourself. Nurse April Witzel, who went through a challenging diagnosis process, shares her story every day in the hopes of saving others from similar experiences.
Conclusion
The rising cases of colorectal cancer among younger individuals are a cause for concern. Researchers are working hard to understand the causes behind this trend and find ways to lower the rates of the disease in this population. Early screening, knowing your family history, and advocating for yourself are crucial steps in preventing and detecting colorectal cancer. By raising awareness and taking action, we can work towards a future where this disease is no longer a leading cause of death for young people.
