Black hole it cannot emit light, but the brightest light envelops a black hole. Experts also discover, where does the brightest light in the universe come from?
Recently, researchers have solved the mystery of the source of the brightest light in the black hole. The results of their research have been published in the journal Nature Astronomy under the title Blazar’s polarized X-rays involve particle acceleration in collisions by Yannis Liodakis et al.
“This is a 40-year-old mystery that we have solved. We finally have all the pieces of the puzzle, and the picture is clear,” said astronomer from the Finnish Center for Astronomy with ESO (FINCA) Yannis Liodakis, quoted from Scientific alarmWednesday (30/11/2022).
According to scientists, the shock wave in a black hole increases the speed of the particle very drastically. As a result, it is this shock wave and the acceleration of the particle’s movement that produced this ultra-high-energy light billion of years ago.
Researchers have discovered that the brightest lights in the universe found in supermassive black holes don’t come from the black holes themselves.
Instead, they come from the hot matter around them, while actively sucking up a lot of matter from their surroundings.
Among these swirls of hot, luminous matter are the galaxies called blazars. These galaxies glow with heat from a swirling mantle, then funnel matter into “fiery” beams. (“fiery”) that permeates the cosmos. Reach blazars it emits electromagnetic radiation at energies that researchers do not yet fully understand.
Galactic activity involves matter accretion, i.e. the growth of space objects whose gravity pulls more matter such as gas into the accretion disk.
Huge clouds gather around the black hole, forming a disk. Friction and gravity in the area surrounding the black hole cause the gas and other material to heat up, and then glow brightly, at various wavelengths.
That’s where one of the black hole’s light sources emerges.
Light on the Blazars
Also, the light is on blazars it also comes from the twin explosions of material originating from the polar region outside the black hole. Its position is perpendicular to the black hole’s disk.
These bursts of matter are seen as material on the inner edge of the black hole’s disk. However, instead of falling into the black hole, it accelerates along the external magnetic field lines to the poles. As a result, this space material is launched at very high speeds, almost as fast as the speed of light.
galaxies blazars have a radius of material perpendicular to the Earth. Because the particles in blazars Traveling at extreme speeds, these particles shine with light across the electromagnetic spectrum, including gamma rays and high-energy X-rays.
Technology to solve the mystery of black hole light
Through a new X-ray telescope technology called Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer (IXPE), released last December 2021, scientists can find out how the speed of particles becomes very high and creates bright light in the universe.
“The first measurements of X-ray polarization from this source allow for the first time direct comparison with models developed from observations of other frequencies of light, ranging from radio to very high-energy gamma rays,” said the astronomer. Immacolata Donnarumma of the Italian Space Agency. .
In this study, the IXPE X-ray telescope was transformed into the brightest high-energy object in the sky, a blazar called Markarian 501.
For six days in March 2022, the telescope collected data on the X-rays emitted by the flare blazars.
From these observations it is known that the rays are more curved, or polarised. These observations also demonstrate that the acceleration of matter generates shock waves that provide further acceleration. The closer you get to the shock wave, the faster the particles accelerate, giving rise to X-ray radiation.
The researchers concluded, blazars it is one of the most powerful particle accelerators in the universe and one of the best laboratories for understanding extreme physics. detik.com/tag/alam-semesta
However, it is currently unknown what causes the shock wave that triggers the acceleration of the particles. Future research could find out whether the faster material in the streak catches up with the slower particle clusters causing a collision.
Watch a video “Seeing the most distant galaxies from the James Webb Space Telescope“
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