Written by Amal Allam, Saturday, July 15, 2023 02:32 PM
A breast cancer vaccine could eradicate the disease by 2030 15 women who have survived aggressive tumors and whose cancer has not returned within 5 years after receiving the experimental vaccine – doctors now believe a cure is on the horizon, according to the Daily Mail. British.
According to the British newspaper “Daily Mail”, the researchers hope that the vaccine will eliminate a form of breast cancer in the future.
The newspaper added that the experimental breast cancer vaccine bodes well in early trials, as there is a possibility of eradicating one of the largest deadly diseases in the world. So far, 15 women with an aggressive type of breast cancer have received the vaccine and have remained stable for up to 5 years – on average. although they are at risk of relapse.
Among them is mother-of-two Jennifer Davis, a 46-year-old nurse practitioner from Lisbon, Ohio, who underwent dozens of rounds of chemotherapy, radiation therapy and a double mastectomy before she was enrolled in the trial.
She confirmed that she now feels “better physically and mentally than ever before,” adding, “I want everyone I know to get the vaccine, I want everyone to be able to get it, if this can prevent it, that will be great, the new vaccine works by Training the body to attack a protein that is produced by pregnant and breastfeeding women but is often a harbinger of cancer.
So far, it’s only been tried on triple-negative cancer, which, if caught early, is highly treatable. The problem is that it spreads quickly and silently to other parts of the body. At this stage, at least 12 percent of patients survive after 5 years. But it is hoped that the vaccine will soon be given to healthy people years ago to prevent them from developing any form of breast cancer, making the vaccine the first of its kind.
“We may be able to eradicate breast cancer as a disease, just like we eradicated polio and smallpox,” said Dr. Amit Kumar, CEO of Anixa Biosciences, the company developing the vaccine.
He added, “We believe that within 5 years, it should be on the market for people like Jenny, who has breast cancer and is worried about a recurrence. Two years later, it should be available to all women, including women who have never had breast cancer.”
It’s called the triple negative type of breast cancerBecause cancer cells don’t have estrogen or progesterone receptors and don’t make any or much of a protein called HER2, this means triple-negative breast cancer has fewer treatment options than other types of breast cancer because cancer cells don’t have the receptor or protein to make a cure. Hormonal or HER2-targeted drugs work, as he “does not respond to any type of breast cancer treatment.”
Approximately 40 percent of people with stage I-III triple-negative breast cancer will recur after treatment, usually in the five years following diagnosis, the newspaper said, adding that the 15 women subject to the trial must be tumor-free. But they are at risk of recurrence. So far, none have seen their cancer return, with some like Ms. Davis close to a five-year recovery. This is a finding that gives doctors confidence in their ability to beat the disease. Davis first found a lump in her breast in February 2018. .
She had a mammogram that came up alert, followed by an ultrasound and a biopsy, which found no evidence of cancer, but she continued to feel the lump getting bigger.
Davis began chemotherapy and a double mastectomy, followed by 26 rounds of radiation. She had triple-negative stage two breast cancer, meaning the cancer had not yet spread to other parts of her body, but the treatment regimen came with serious side effects. She lost a lot of weight in 3 days and her nails fell off. Davis entered a state of stability until 2018. She sought a second opinion from the Cleveland Clinic and began receiving treatment there. She learned about the vaccine, but it had not yet entered its human stage. Davis joined the clinical trial and was The first person to receive 3 doses of the innovative vaccine in October and November 2021.
It’s literally like if you go to get a flu shot, there were no side effects at all except for swelling at the injection site, Davis said, adding, “Anyone who has any life-threatening illness, you always worry that it will come back, and it can It affects you as much as fatigue and your overall physical and mental health, but after getting the vaccine, although I didn’t know if I had developed an immune response, I felt that immunity had already occurred.
The newspaper stated that the vaccine acts in the body mainly as a foreign protein, and your immune system recognizes it, treats it and prepares to attack it.
She added, “You make the protein in a lab, it’s purified and then you mix it with the vaccine. There are a lot of very successful vaccines that use this technology. This is a protein that’s normally made in breast milk. It’s not something that gets into the bloodstream in large amounts. The protein in the vaccine is the same protein.” present in breast milk.
The newspaper confirmed, according to the experts, that it is basically similar to the measles vaccine, but instead of attacking the pathogenic vaccine, it is a protein. The team will recruit dozens of women who have never had triple-negative breast cancer but who are at high risk due to genetic factors. Voluntary prophylactic mammoplasty — the surgical removal of both breasts, even if they are otherwise healthy at the time — to reduce the risk of breast cancer, researchers will vaccinate women before their surgeries.
Dr Kumar said, “After the surgeries, we will have a huge amount of breast tissue harvested to study and see if the immune cells we created with the graft are monitoring the breast tissue, as we have seen in animal studies.”
The researchers expect to finish this phase by the end of the year, but the vaccine will have more hurdles to clear. The researchers will recruit several hundred women and try to enroll women from diverse ethnic backgrounds for entry into the Phase 2 study.
The experts added that the third phase will be a large, multicenter, multinational trial, in which thousands of women will be tested “to make sure we haven’t missed something in certain types of women from a safety point of view.” The trial will be a placebo-controlled trial, where Neither the women in the study nor the doctors administering the vaccine would know which women were getting the placebo and which women were getting the vaccine.
They said, that during the experiment in mice we found that 100 percent of the mice that were vaccinated remained cancer-free, that’s the kind of experiment you don’t see in biology, because in biology you rarely have a 100 percent response that we like to see 100% response in humans too.
The trial data so far is “very encouraging,” said Dr. Thaddeus Stabenbeck, chief of the Department of Inflammation and Immunology at Cleveland Clinic, adding that a seven-year timeline for treating all forms of breast cancer was “feasible,” adding: “If all goes well and there is a signal.” Clear effectiveness in the short term, that would be great,” he said, adding that the vaccine is the result of more than 20 years of progress made by the late Dr. Touhy, who was a senior breast cancer scientist at the Cleveland Clinic Research Institute, as the vaccine – which includes 3 doses , 2 weeks apart – Targets a lactation protein, α-lactalbumin, which is no longer present after lactation in normal aged tissue, but is present in the majority of triple-negative breast cancers. If breast cancer develops, the vaccine is designed to trigger the immune system to attack the tumor and stop it from growing.
Experts explained, “If the immune system is properly trained by vaccination, when those cancer cells appear, the immune system will destroy them and they will never have a chance to multiply.” Other proteins are involved in the development of the most common breast cancers and other forms of the disease.
“It is possible to alter the target of the vaccine protein to treat other forms of cancer, as long as the protein is no longer expressed in normal healthy tissue but is expressed in the tumor,” said Dr. Stabenbeck, explaining that the clinic is already making progress on an ovarian cancer vaccine using this approach. .
Davis was the first woman to receive the vaccine in the trial. She had been cancer-free for 3 years when she got the vaccine. Triple-negative breast cancer accounts for approximately 10-15% of breast cancers, but is one of the most difficult types of breast cancer to treat, monitoring program shows. The National Cancer Institute (NCI) Epidemiology and End Results report that triple-negative breast cancer affects 13 out of every 100,000 women in the United States.
2023-07-15 11:32:00
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