- The NAD molecule discovered by Prof. Sinclair revitalizes the cells, the levels are increased by sports, sauna and intermittent fasting
- The reason for age-related changes is a loss of information, but each cell has a structure that “remembers” what it was like in youth
The aging process seems to have been decoded, or so claims one of the leading experts in the field, Prof. David Sinclair from the Department of Genetics at Harvard Medical School. Therefore, many are asking – will this be the beginning of the end of this scourge and when will our biological clocks begin to reverse? In science, usually when a phenomenon is studied and the problem is described in detail, then its step-by-step solution begins – step by step, breakthroughs are sought to return youth.
In his new scientific paper, he notes that aging is nothing more than “data loss.”
“The Information Theory of Aging (ITOA) posits that the aging process is initiated by the progressive decline of epigenetic information associated with youth, the retrieval of which through epigenetic reprogramming can improve the function of damaged and aged tissues, catalyzing age reversal,” notes the professor. According to the scientist, predictions and testing will still be done in his laboratory to find out if the results will support or disprove this theory. But even before that, Sinclair had already analyzed a large number of studies and concluded that dysregulation of developmental pathways and “loss of cellular identity are common phenomena in mammalian aging.”
Moreover, experiments with mice show that there are genes that are “hot spots” for epigenetic changes that occur with age. Unfortunately, their ability to turn on and off makes them more susceptible to change over time.
But Sinclair has another original approach to the problem. Reducing other types of epigenome-altering cellular damage will also lead to increased life expectancy, he says. Thus, if his theory is confirmed, “in vivo epigenetic reprogramming” could stop aging.
The big question here is how? Sinclair believes that there is a structure in our cells that contains a hypothetical working model that stores youthful epigenetic information. Or each cell has a backup copy of youth information. According to him, it is a kind of biological “observer”, preserving these data characteristic of youth even in old cells. One type of observer is passive and the other is active (as illustrated). Passive bystanders mark DNA and remain inactive during reprogramming, while active bystanders mark DNA regions altered during aging and interact with master regulators and epigenetic modifiers during reprogramming. Along with this, the professor admits that only “active observers are engaged with the rejuvenation machine”. This repository of original epigenetic information can be accessed even in aged or damaged adult cells to restore lost epigenetic information and youthful functions, Prof. Sinclair writes. The puzzle is how this backup information is accessed and what is the mechanism by which the data is written there and stored. Prof. David Sinclair is among the world’s leading rejuvenation experts with over 400,000 followers on H.
Clues to reach it have already been accumulated in many studies devoted to epigenetic reprogramming. This is extremely important to the professor, who is convinced that finding the backup copy that preserves the memory of the earlier state of the epigenome will accelerate the development of methods to control biological age. Finding the putative watcher can be accomplished through genetic screening or by studying organisms that have the ability to take a turn toward youth in nature—such as flatworms and jellyfish. From this perspective, the identification of the “bystander” or “information copy” will contribute to the development of more accurate and efficient approaches to rejuvenate epigenomes and restore the functions and tissues characteristic of youth.
According to Sinclair, reversing the aging process in an organ will provide specific benefits, mainly in the direction of overcoming various diseases, but it is unlikely to lead to “a significant increase in life expectancy”.
Therefore, he believes that cellular reprogramming involves the introduction of the necessary genetic material, and this can be done through chemical compounds that both achieve the goal and do not disrupt cellular function, leading to cancer or death. According to Sinclair, there are currently several “clocks” that track aging, but none provide a holistic assessment of the body. Most ideas rely on blood draws and biopsies. He therefore suggests that scientists focus on the optimal timing of implementing reprogramming interventions and evaluating their effectiveness in patients.
“Although the clock data is informative, ultimately rejuvenation should only be registered when the function of a cell, tissue, or human organism is restored,” Sinclair wrote. “In recent years, significant strides have been made in our ability to control aging and the discovery of alternative approaches to tissue rejuvenation will undoubtedly accelerate in vivo reprogramming outside the laboratory and human clinical trials.” The “magic” molecule can revive our cells, but its levels depend on discomfort – sports, sauna and periodic hunger.
It is likely that his new strategy will somehow be related to his previous breakthroughs in the field of rejuvenation. The first is related to the biosynthesis of NAD+ – this is perhaps the most important molecule involved in the processes of accumulation and restoration of cellular energy. In fact, Sinclair’s lab was the first to identify a role in regulating lifespan.
His second contribution was the Unified Theory of Calorie Restriction (CR). With it, the scientist and his team demonstrated that sirtuins (protein-modifying enzymes), activated by calorie reduction, play a key role in extending life span. The reason is that their activity is related to metabolic control, cell survival, healthy aging, etc. Another major contribution of the professor was the launch of the hypothesis that organisms may have evolved “to sense the stress of plants and the decreasing supply of food”. In this process, polyphenols “activate longevity protection.”
Therefore, according to the professor, there are 7 genes associated with longevity, protecting the body from diseases ranging from Alzheimer’s to diabetes and more. For some people, they are of better quality, for others – not. However, over time, they turn off and start producing enzymes that “tell the body” how to survive for a long time. Therefore, when a person exercises, goes to the sauna or restricts calories for a while, they “come to the rescue” to protect the body.
The problem is that as they age, their activity decreases. According to Sinclair, in order to resume their function, these structures need the small but abundant molecule NAD. In addition to being extremely important, it is also a kind of sensor or sensor for the body in case of disaster.
When there is none, when we do not move and eat, its levels drop. What’s more, Sinclair found that in 50-year-olds, the amount of this molecule in the body is twice as much as in a 20-year-old person.
“We already have results from clinical trials that if we raise the values, we can improve human health,” says Sinclair. According to him, this way one day it will be possible to treat kidney failure. He himself has been taking a supplement that can generate the NAD molecule for at least 8 years.
But the levels can also increase with sports, with a stay in the sauna and with controlled hunger. We can take advantage of these discoveries today as scientists search for the structures that keep the youthful information in our cells.
2024-01-04 21:00:00
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