80% to 95% of colorectal cancers evolve from intestinal polyps. How to prevent colorectal cancer? (Shutterstock/Epoch Times composite)
80% to 95% of colorectal cancers evolve from intestinal polyps. Colorectal polyps are raised lesions on the intestinal membrane. Sometimes they are protruding like small mushrooms, sometimes they are concave. In the early stages of polyps, they are not It is easy to find, and most of them are only seen during colonoscopy.
Polyps in the intestine generally show no reaction. Therefore, even if cancer occurs, there are almost no symptoms in the early stages of colorectal cancer. The only way to detect it early is to undergo regular colonoscopy.
Once a polyp is discovered, it usually needs to be removed to prevent future problems. However, once you have had colitis or polyps, even if they are removed, the epithelial cells are still fertile ground for polyps, and polyps will still breed after a period of time.
However, not all intestinal polyps will develop into colorectal cancer. Some polyps are benign, some need to be observed, and some are very risky. in particular,Colorectal polyps (adenomas) found clinically are generally divided into the following categories:
1. Hyperplastic polyps: rarely exceed one centimeter, are benign, and have no possibility of malignant transformation.
2. Inflammatory polyps: The surface is relatively red, swollen and smooth. This type of polyps generally does not become malignant.
3. Villous adenoma: The surface looks not so smooth, a bit like cauliflower, and the possibility of becoming cancerous is 10 times that of tubular adenoma (see #6 for tubular adenoma).
4. Familial polyposis: During colonoscopy, you will see densely packed polyps, which are numerous and look like a shaggy carpet. This condition obviously has a family history and has a mutation in the APC (Adenomatous Polyposis Coli) gene. Most of these patients have to have their entire intestines removed before they reach adulthood, otherwise they may develop intestinal cancer, and the incidence rate of tumors is 100%.
5. Mixed adenoma: The cancer may be between tubular adenoma and villous adenoma, and sometimes there are cancer cells inside.
6. Tubular adenoma: It is mushroom-shaped. If not removed, it will grow very large and may become cancerous.
Colorectal polyps (adenomas) are generally divided into 6 categories. (Health 1+1/The Epoch Times)
Why do polyps grow in the large intestine?What factors cause colorectal cancer
So, why do polyps grow in the large intestine? In other words, what factors can cause colorectal cancer? The causes of colorectal cancer are nothing more than 4 points:
1. Heredity:From a genetic perspective, if a direct relative has had colorectal cancer, or if a second-class blood relative such as a grandparent, uncle or aunt has suffered from colorectal cancer, it will have a certain impact.
2. Lack of exercise:A less active lifestyle is also prone to the occurrence of colitis. There is sufficient evidence that increased exercise is associated with a reduced risk of colorectal cancer and is inversely proportional to exercise frequency and intensity. The best exercise habit is 4 to 5 days a week, more than 30 minutes a day.
3. Improper diet:People who eat a lot of meat, grilled and fried food, and less vegetables are likely to increase the chance of colorectal cancer. People who suffer from inflammatory bowel disease are 10-20 times more likely to suffer from colorectal cancer than the average person.
4. Obesity:Obesity is the root of all diseases. Lack of exercise may increase the incidence of obesity for both boys and girls, and the incidence of colorectal cancer will also increase.
Pay attention to the 10 signs of colorectal cancer
Because the large intestine, small intestine and other internal organs do not have many nerves and do not feel pain, cancer is not easy to detect in the early stage, but some symptoms will still appear. The following 10 signals may be precursors of colorectal cancer, and everyone is reminded to observe carefully:
1. Change in defecation habits: Sudden difficulty in defecation, constipation, or diarrhea every day or unformed stools are all changes in defecation habits, and you need to see a doctor immediately.
2. Change in the shape of the feces: If the appearance of the feces suddenly becomes pencil-shaped, it may be that the tumor grows very close to the anus, making the feces thinner.
3. Blood in the feces: Usually blood in the feces is not the same as bleeding from hemorrhoids. Blood from colorectal cancer or tumors is mixed in the feces and excreted without any pain in the body. Hemorrhoidal bleeding occurs when you have a bowel movement. The blood is bright red and is accompanied by pain in the anus. But if the tumor becomes large in the late stage, pain may occur very close to the anus.
4. Mucus in the stool: Mucus in the stool is usually adenomatous polyps, or the tumor itself secretes some mucus. Pay special attention to this phenomenon.
5. A heavy feeling in the anus: It means that the patient has just finished defecating and feels the urge to defecate again after going out. However, after sitting back on the toilet for a long time and still not being able to defecate, this is a heavy feeling. This is because tumors or polyps stimulate the anus and cause defecation. It feels like, but there is actually no poop left.
1 to 5 of the 10 precursors of colorectal cancer. (Health 1+1/The Epoch Times)
6. Abdominal pain: Tumors can also cause abdominal pain. Usually, there is no pain in the intestines because there are not many nerves. However, if the abdominal pain is severe, it may be that the tumor has grown outside the intestinal wall and invaded other organs. There is concern about the middle and late stages of intestinal cancer, and you need to be careful.
7. Anemia: The symptom of blood before stool is the bleeding characteristic of intestinal tumors and polyps, that is, small and intermittent bleeding each time. Such bleeding is invisible to the naked eye and needs to be detected through testing. Continuous bleeding for a long time will cause loss of blood volume and lead to anemia.
Generally, tumors on the right side of the digestive tract are more likely to cause anemia. The stool is liquid when it first forms on the right side, and gradually moves to the left side closer to the anus, where the water will gradually be absorbed and form a solid shape. If the tumor grows on the left side, if it is slightly larger, it will cause obstruction, making it difficult for solid stool to pass, and the patient will have bloating and abdominal pain. Tumors growing on the right side do not cause obvious discomfort and are less likely to attract attention. , the patient’s face turned pale over time and his hemoglobin had dropped very low, but he still walked freely and talked and laughed happily.
8. Loss of appetite: Intestinal tumors or polyps can cause changes in the digestive tract, so these patients have poor appetite.
9. Weight loss: The patient does not eat particularly little or deliberately lose weight or control weight, but the patient loses weight inexplicably and is accompanied by other problems such as abdominal pain, constipation, changes in bowel habits, etc. At this time, attention needs to be paid.
10. Abdominal mass: Sometimes the mass in patients with intestinal cancer grows so large that it has caused obstruction symptoms. During abdominal examination, the doctor can feel the mass with his hands.
6 to 10 of the 10 early warning signs of colorectal cancer. (Health 1+1/The Epoch Times)
To prevent colorectal cancer, 2 types of foods must be eaten and 1 type of food should be avoided
Prevent colorectal cancerthe most important thing is daily intestinal health care, it is recommended to develop good daily habitseating habits：
1. Eat foods that increase good bacteria: You can eat more fermented foods, such as natto, fermented milk, yogurt, etc., or pure soy sauce without additives, which can increase the reproduction of good bacteria and help us improve the intestinal environment.
2. Eat foods containing water-soluble fiber: pumpkin, okra, mushrooms, fungi, cauliflower, seaweed, apples, bananas, kiwis and other water-soluble fiber. These smooth and sticky foods are rich in water-soluble fiber and can help Eliminate intestinal toxins in a timely manner.
3. Avoid eating fried, grilled and pickled foods.
Finally, we remind people over the age of 45 that it is best to have regular colonoscopy for early detection and early treatment. @
Watch the video to learn how to eat to prevent colorectal cancer!
[Today’s Expert]New York Jingtong Gastrointestinal Center, double doctorate in medical science (gastroenterology department at Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, doctorate at the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center) further training and research in therapeutic endoscopy at the gastroenterology department at Colorado State University, gastroscopy at New York University School of Medicine Director, Associate Professor of Gastroenterology, New York University School of Medicine.
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Editors in charge: Liu Xiaozhen, Li Fan
2024-01-10 16:17:13
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