[People’s Daily Online Huang Qiuling/Taipei Report]
Cervical cancer ranks 10th in cancer incidence and 8th in mortality among women in my country, which has threatened women’s health. The main cause of cervical cancer is that cervical epithelial cells are continuously infected with high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV), causing normal and healthy cervical cells to undergo genetic mutations, which is a so-called manifestation of precancerous lesions. It may progress to cervical cancer.
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is mainly transmitted through sexual contact. During sexual intercourse, infection occurs through contact with skin, mucous membranes or body fluids. Sometimes, external genital contact with HPV-containing items may also cause HPV infection.
The World Health Organization (WHO) points out that HPV vaccination can prevent HPV infection and can also effectively prevent cervical cancer. Currently, females aged 9-14 are the main vaccination targets. The Food and Drug Administration has approved three types of HPV vaccines, all of which can prevent at least 70% of the high-risk HPV types that cause cervical cancer.
The National Health Department has comprehensively promoted HPV vaccination services for junior high school girls since the end of December 2017. As of now, the coverage rates of complete vaccination of 2 doses for junior high school girls enrolled in 2010-110 are 75.0%, 85.9%, 86.0%, and 90.9 respectively. %, and the vaccination rate continues to increase. How many doses of HPV vaccine do you need? Depending on the vaccine items in the approved vaccine manual and the vaccination targets, 2 or 3 doses are required.
Vaccination with HPV vaccine to prevent cervical cancer has been recognized by WHO as safe and effective. In 2016, the Global Committee on Vaccine Safety (GACVS) assessed that HPV vaccines are safe and there is no scientific evidence to prove that serious adverse events are related to HPV vaccination.
After vaccination with the HPV vaccine, the most common symptoms are redness, swelling and pain at the injection site, dizziness, and headache, which are mostly mild to moderate and short-lived. Because the HPV vaccine is an inactive vaccine, after evaluation by a physician, it can be vaccinated together with other inactive or active vaccines such as hepatitis A, hepatitis B, diphtheria, tetanus, acellular pertussis mixed vaccine, and influenza vaccines, but the vaccination site To be separated. Research shows that the HPV vaccine is protective for at least 10 years. People are advised to follow the recommended schedule in the instructions and complete all doses to achieve complete protection.
HPV is mainly transmitted through sexual contact. Although the HPV vaccine can prevent related types of viral infections, it still cannot prevent cervical cancer 100%. Therefore, after receiving the HPV vaccine, you must still practice safe sex, use condoms correctly, and regularly Get a Pap smear screening test.
Among them, Pap smear examination is a screening tool that has been proven by international evidence to be effective in reducing the incidence and death of cervical cancer. It helps in early detection of precancerous lesions of cervical cancer and early cervical cancer. Cervical precancerous lesions can be treated after treatment. Progression to cervical cancer can be avoided.
The National Health Department subsidizes Pap smear tests for women over 30 years old, and calls on women over 30 years old to receive a Pap smear test at least every three years. Women who meet the screening qualifications are encouraged to go to medical institutions for examinations to provide More complete protection.
Three lines of defense to prevent cervical cancer (Photo: National Health Administration, Ministry of Health and Welfare)
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