Dukena Zholeva, agrometeorologist at NIMH
In November, agrometeorological conditions will be determined by temperatures and precipitation close to climatic norms.
The deepening drought in October prevented the sowing of winter cereals and part of the planned areas will be sown in November after the agrotechnical deadlines. As a result of the subnormal October rainfall, the soil moisture reserves in the 50 and 100 cm layer in most of the country, with the exception of places in the northeastern regions (Dobrich), are unusually low for mid-autumn – in places below 50% of the PPV (farm stations: Knezha, Bazovets, Kyustendil, Sandanski, Plovdiv, Pazardjik, Chirpan).
In the first half of the first ten days of November, no precipitation is expected, and the limiting factor for the development of wheat, barley and winter rape in most of the Polish regions remains the lack of soil moisture.
Precipitation and gradual improvement of moisture reserves in the upper soil layers is expected in the second half of the first and second ten days of November.
During the third ten-day period, the predicted values of the average day and night temperatures, around and above the norm for the period, will exceed the biological minimum necessary for vegetation to take place in autumn crops. At the end of November, wheat and barley will be in different phases – from germination to 1, 2 and 3 leaves. The third leaf phase will prevail in October sown winter cereals. With rapeseed in November, only part of the crops will be able to enter the rosette formation phase (5-7 leaves).
During the month, the predicted minimum temperatures, up to minus 7 degrees C, are above the critical ones for winter cereals in the germination phase.
In November, there will be conditions for carrying out the autumn plant protection spraying for fruit trees at the beginning of the month, in the middle of the second and on most days of the third ten-day period. In the case of seed species (apple, pear), to limit infestations from scab, treatment with a 5% solution of urea is recommended. In stone fruit species, after mass leaf fall, it is necessary to spray with 2% Bordeaux solution against the causes of powdery mildew, early brown rot, peach curl, etc. pathogens.
The second half of November is a good time for planting fruit trees.
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