A study published in the journal on May 14 found that rodents and pigs share the ability to use their intestines for breathing with some aquatic creatures. With. The researchers showed that the transrectal delivery of gaseous oxygen or liquid oxygen provides a biological rescue for two models of respiratory failure in mammals.
“Artificial respiratory support plays a vital role in the clinical management of respiratory failure caused by severe diseases such as pneumonia or acute respiratory distress syndrome,” says study lead author Takanori Takep (TakebeLab) of the University of Medicine and Dentistry in Tokyo. and the Cincinnati Children’s Center. Hospital Medical Center. Although side effects and safety need to be comprehensively evaluated in humans, our approach can provide a new model to support patients with critical illness and those with respiratory failure.
Many aquatic organisms have developed unique mechanisms of intestinal respiration to survive in low oxygen conditions using organs other than the lungs or gills. For example, sea cucumbers, freshwater fish called Loaches and some freshwater catfish use their intestines to breathe. But it has been debated whether mammals have similar abilities.
In the new study, Takebe and colleagues provided evidence for enteric respiration in mice, mice and pigs. First, they designed an intestinal gas ventilation system to give pure oxygen through the rat’s rectum. They showed that without this system, no mouse survived very low oxygen conditions for 11 minutes. As the intestinal gas was ventilated, more oxygen reached the heart and 75% of the mice survived the deadly hypoxic conditions naturally for 50 minutes.
Because the intestinal gas ventilation system requires erosion of the intestinal muscles, this is unlikely to be clinically feasible, especially in patients with critical illness – so researchers have also developed a liquid alternative using oxygenated fluorinated chemicals. These chemicals have already been clinically proven to be biocompatible and safe in humans.
The enteric liquid ventilation system provided therapeutic benefits for rodents and pigs exposed to non-lethal, low-oxygen conditions. Mice receiving enterovascular ventilation could go a greater distance in a 10% oxygen chamber and more oxygen reached their heart compared to mice not receiving enterovascular ventilation. Similar results have been shown in pigs. Enteric liquid ventilation reverses pallor, coldness and increases oxygen levels, without causing obvious side effects. Taken together, the results show that this strategy is effective in providing circulating oxygen and relieving the symptoms of respiratory failure in two typical mammalian systems.
With the support of the Japan Medical Research and Development Agency for Combating Coronavirus 2019 (Covid-19(Epidemic), researchers plan to expand their preclinical studies and take organizational steps to accelerate the course of clinical translation.
“Lately SARS-CoV-2 Takib says the epidemic overwhelms the clinical need for ventilators and artificial lungs, leading to an acute shortage of available devices and endangering patients’ lives worldwide. “The level of arterial oxygen provided by our ventilation system, if modified for human use, would probably be sufficient to treat patients with acute respiratory failure, which could provide life-saving oxygen.”
Referin ță: ∈ Ventilația enterică mamară ameliore ază insuficiența respiratorie ”de Ryo Okabe, Toyofumi F, Chen Yoshikawa, Yosuke Yonyama, Yoyhi Yokoyama, Satuna Tanaka, Akihiko Yoshizawa, Wendy El Thompson, Gokul Kanan , With.
DOI: 10.1016 / j.medj.2021.04.004
This work was supported by the Research Program on Emerging and Renewable Infectious Diseases, the research projects on COVID-19, by the Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, the AMED Program for Transitional Research and the AMED Program for Technological Innovation in Regenerative Medicine.
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