Many people underestimate the importance of maintaining good oral hygiene. Most often, they only consider the aesthetic aspect of clean and white teeth, ignoring the fact that their gum’s health is equally vital. Apart from possible tooth loss and gum diseases, research has shown that poor gum health can significantly increase the risk of suffering from various severe health conditions such as cancer, Alzheimer’s disease, heart disease, and more. Therefore, it is crucial to understand the importance of gum health and take the necessary measures to maintain it. In this article, we will discuss the various health risks associated with poor gum health and explore ways to improve and maintain good oral hygiene.
Gum disease is a common issue that affects a large percentage of the population, with between 8 and 9 out of 10 people over 35 years of age experiencing it. The two main types of gum disease are gingivitis and periodontitis, with the latter causing more serious problems, including bone loss around teeth and ultimately resulting in tooth loss in adults. According to the World Health Organization, periodontitis is the sixth chronic pathology in the world, ranking behind only caries.
Despite the serious implications of this disease, many people are not even aware of what it is or the risks associated with it. This lack of understanding is concerning, as not only can periodontitis affect chewing function, but it can also have a significant impact on a person’s appearance and self-esteem. Symptoms such as gum loss around teeth and their displacement can compromise a person’s smile and reduce their self-confidence.
Moreover, scientific evidence confirms that patients with advanced periodontitis are at a higher risk of developing other serious systemic diseases such as acute myocardial infarction, diabetes (as it makes it difficult to control it), or aspiration pneumonia. Pregnant women are also more likely to have a premature birth if they have periodontitis. Recent research has also found associations between this disease and hypertension, Alzheimer’s, and certain types of cancer.
The root cause of these issues is the immune system’s powerful response to bacterial aggression in the mouth. Anaerobic gram-negative bacteria in the gingival sulcus, the space between the gum and tooth, can colonize gum tissue, triggering an exacerbated inflammatory response. This immune response can lead to inflammation that destroys collagen in the gum and bone, which leads to tooth and bone deterioration. Besides, the bacteria and their toxins in the bloodstream damage internal structures of blood vessels, and the circulation of inflammatory mediators stimulates inflammation in the placenta, pancreas, and other organs.
In addition, advanced periodontitis increases insulin resistance, leading to a poor management of diabetes. It also causes an increase in the levels of C-reactive protein (a marker of inflammation) and blood pressure, both of which indicate the risk of cardiovascular events. The presence of Porphyromonas gingivalis in the brain is associated with the moderate association with Alzheimer’s, and it has been observed that high and continued presence of Fusobacterium nucleatum can increase the risk of suffering from gastrointestinal cancer.
Fortunately, periodontitis is preventable with basic oral hygiene measures, including brushing twice a day for at least two minutes, using an electric toothbrush, and using dental tape and interdental brushes. Regular removal of bacteria by a dental professional is also essential to prevent the buildup of harmful bacteria in the mouth. It is vital to have a periodontist or dentist diagnose the health of your gums periodically to prevent periodontitis from causing more significant health problems.
In conclusion, understanding periodontitis and its associated health risks is crucial for maintaining good oral and overall health. Prevention of this disease is relatively simple with an effective oral hygiene routine and regular visits to a dental professional. By taking steps to prevent periodontitis, individuals can avoid further health complications down the road.
In conclusion, taking care of your gum health is not just about having a brighter smile or preventing tooth decay. It has far-reaching implications for your overall health and well-being. Poor gum health can increase your risk of developing serious illnesses such as cancer, Alzheimer’s and heart disease. Regular dental check-ups, brushing and flossing, and a healthy diet are all important factors in maintaining good gum health. By taking care of your gums, you are taking a proactive step towards improving your overall health and reducing your risk of developing serious health conditions. So, take the necessary steps to prioritize your gum health today and reap the benefits of a healthier and happier life tomorrow.
