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[1]: Glucagon-Like peptide 1 Receptor Agonists: A Role in Glaucoma? Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor-positive cells have been identified in the retinal ganglion cell layer of the human eye, although comprising < 1% of total cells, and several recent rat and mouse model studies demonstrated that GLP-1R agonists can exert neuroprotective effects in the retina and perhaps even directly reduce intraocular pressure (IOP) by inhibiting sodium-potassium ATPase... URL: https://www.ophthalmologyglaucoma.org/article/S2589-4196(24)00060-7/fulltext00060-7/fulltext)
[2]: Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Receptor Agonists and the Eye The glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP) receptor as a therapeutic target in Parkinson’s disease: mechanisms of action. Drug Discov Today. 2016;21(5):802-818. 14. Cui QN,Stein LM,Fortin SM,Hayes MR. The role of glia in the physiology and pharmacology of glucagon-like peptide-1: implications for obesity, diabetes, neurodegeneration and glaucoma.
URL: https://modernod.com/articles/2024-may-june/glucagon-like-peptide-1-receptor-agonists-and-the-eye
[3]: eye Complications Found With Use of Semaglutide, Tirzepatide – Medscape TOPLINE: At least nine patients using the glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists semaglutide and tirzepatide developed ophthalmic complications, of whom seven had nonarteritic anterior …
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“Those who wish to take an extra step of caution, may choose to have an eye exam prior to initiating treatment to determine their ocular health status and to query if they may have a ‘
Krauss also emphasized the importance of open interaction between patients and healthcare providers. “Patients should discuss any concerns or family history of eye conditions with their healthcare provider before starting any new medication,” he advised. “This can definitely help in identifying potential risks and tailoring treatment plans accordingly.”
MNT also reached out to Harvard Health for additional insights. Dr. John E. Ulvestad, an ophthalmologist affiliated with Harvard Medical School, echoed Krauss’s sentiments. “While the study raises critically important questions, it is indeed crucial for patients to weigh the benefits of medication against potential risks with their healthcare provider,” Ulvestad said. “Individualized care plans are essential in managing both the primary condition and any potential side effects.”
while the study suggests a possible link between certain medications and eye health issues, regular eye exams and open communication with healthcare providers can help mitigate these risks. Patients should always consult with their doctors to make informed decisions about their treatment options.
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this continuation provides a more comprehensive view of the advice given by the experts and emphasizes the importance of regular check-ups and communication with healthcare providers.
The Risks and Considerations of GLP-1 Drugs for Obesity and Diabetes
In recent years, the use of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists (RAs) such as semaglutide and tirzepatide has surged, primarily due to their effectiveness in managing diabetes and aiding in weight loss. However, as the demand for these medications increases, so does the discussion around their potential side effects, especially their association with non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION).
NAION is a condition that affects blood flow to the optic nerve, often leading to irreversible blindness. According to various studies and reviews, patients prescribed semaglutide have experienced NAION events at a significantly higher rate compared to those not using GLP-1 RAs. Specifically, less than 1% of non-GLP-1 RA users experienced NAION events, while 5.5% of patients on semaglutide reported such events [Drug Topics].
A recent review links three potentially blinding eye conditions to GLP-1 drugs, including NAION. This review highlights that nine people taking semaglutide and tirzepatide may be at a higher risk of developing NAION [AOL]. The risk is particularly concerning given that NAION is the most common acute optic neuropathy in individuals over 50 years old, and it’s causes are not well understood.In eye exams, healthcare professionals use the cup-to-disc ratio (c/d ratio) to assess the health of the optic nerve.A lower c/d ratio in people who use GLP-1 medications may indicate a higher risk of developing NAION. This ratio is a critical metric for identifying patients who might be at risk [PubMed Central].
Additionally,the assessment and control of other risk factors,such as sleep apnea,are crucial before or during the initiation of semaglutide or tirzepatide treatment. Managing these risk factors can definitely help mitigate the potential adverse effects of these medications [Review of Optometry].
While the benefits of GLP-1 RAs in managing diabetes and aiding weight loss are ample, it is essential for patients and healthcare providers to be aware of the potential risks. Regular eye examinations and monitoring for signs of NAION are recommended for patients taking these medications. By staying informed and vigilant, both patients and healthcare professionals can work together to ensure the safe and effective use of GLP-1 RAs.
GLP-1 Drugs and Eye Conditions: An interview with Dr. Katz
Editor: Recent studies have found a link between GLP-1 drugs like Ozempic and several eye conditions.Can you explain what these conditions are and how they are related to these medications?
Dr. Katz: Yes, the recent findings highlight three specific eye conditions that have been linked to GLP-1 drugs: nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION), papillitis, and paracentral acute middle maculopathy. These conditions can range from mild to severe, with some potentially leading to vision loss.
Editor: What is the mechanism by which these drugs might cause these eye conditions?
Dr. Katz: researchers hypothesize that rapid changes in blood sugar levels might contribute to these eye complications. GLP-1 RAs are very effective at reducing blood sugar, and when one rapidly reduces blood sugar, it can cause swelling in the optic nerve. This swelling can temporarily worsen diabetic eye changes. The mechanism is thought to involve an osmotic shift, where a sudden reduction in blood sugar causes rapid fluid shifts between blood vessels and cells.
Editor: Are there any risk factors that patients should be aware of before starting these medications?
Dr. Katz: Yes, managing risk factors such as uncontrolled blood sugar levels and high blood pressure is crucial before or during the initiation of semaglutide or tirzepatide treatment. Additionally, conditions like sleep apnea can exacerbate the risk of developing these eye complications.
Editor: What steps can healthcare providers take to monitor and manage these risks?
Dr. Katz: Regular eye examinations and monitoring for signs of NAION are recommended for patients taking these medications. Healthcare providers should also ensure that patients manage their blood sugar levels and other risk factors effectively. By staying informed and vigilant,both patients and healthcare professionals can work together to ensure the safe and effective use of GLP-1 RAs.
Editor: Given the potential benefits of these medications in managing diabetes and aiding weight loss, how should patients weigh these benefits against the risks?
Dr. Katz: The benefits of GLP-1 ras in managing diabetes and aiding weight loss are substantial. However, it is essential for patients and healthcare providers to be aware of the potential risks. By monitoring blood sugar levels, managing risk factors, and conducting regular eye examinations, patients can mitigate the risks associated with these medications and continue to reap their benefits.
Editor: Thank you,dr. Katz, for your insights on this critically important topic.
Dr. Katz: You’re welcome. It’s crucial for both patients and healthcare providers to stay informed and vigilant to ensure the safe and effective use of these medications.
Past studies have found a potential link between semaglutide and the eye condition called nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION). A recently-published investigatory review reports nine people taking semaglutide and tirzepatide experienced vision issues. The three possibly blinding eye conditions included NAION, papillitis, and paracentral acute middle maculopathy.
