Oregon has recently reported its first human case of bubonic plague in over eight years. Health officials believe that the disease was likely transmitted by a symptomatic pet cat. Thankfully, both the infected resident and their cat received prompt medical attention, minimizing the risk to the community.
This incident marks Oregon’s first case of bubonic plague since 2015 when a teenage girl contracted the disease from a flea bite. In fact, the state has only reported nine human cases since 1995, with no fatalities. This makes the disease exceedingly rare in Oregon.
So, what exactly is bubonic plague? Known for its historical impact on 14th-century Europe in the form of the Black Death, bubonic plague is carried by wild rodents and fleas. When an infected rodent succumbs to illness, its fleas can transmit the disease to other animals or humans through bites. Symptoms of bubonic plague, including high fever and swollen lymph nodes, can manifest within two to eight days after exposure. However, early diagnosis allows for effective antibiotic treatment, preventing fatal outcomes.
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) notes that there is an annual average of 5 to 15 cases of bubonic plague in the western United States, where the disease is typically found in rural to semi-rural areas with prevalent wild rodent populations. While the US sees an average of around seven human cases annually, the hotspot remains concentrated in the rural West. States such as northern New Mexico, northern Arizona, southern Colorado, California, southern Oregon, and western Nevada have higher incidences of bubonic plague.
It is important to note that despite its historical significance and occasional outbreaks, bubonic plague is still a relatively rare disease. With proper medical attention and early diagnosis, the risk of fatalities can be significantly reduced. The recent case in Oregon serves as a reminder for pet owners to be vigilant about their pets’ health and to seek medical attention if any symptoms arise.
Overall, while the news of a human case of bubonic plague may sound alarming, it is crucial to understand the rarity of the disease and the effectiveness of modern medical treatments. By staying informed and taking necessary precautions, we can continue to minimize the risk of bubonic plague outbreaks in the future.
