medecinedesvoyages.net
Patrick GEROME, 10/10/2024
In Italyfrom January 1 to October 8, 2024, the national surveillance system includes:
- 625 confirmed cases of dengue, including 173 indigenous cases. Concerning the latter, the largest outbreak is located in the region of Marcheswith two additional cases reported in Tuscanwith epidemiological links with the Marche cases. Other smaller outbreaks have been identified in Emilia-Romagna and Lombardy, for which epidemiological investigations are currently underway. Finally, a few sporadic cases have been reported in Venetoin Tuscanin the Marches and in the Abruzzo.
- 6 confirmed cases of virus Zikaall imported
- 14 confirmed cases of Chikungunya, all imported
- 45 confirmed cases of tick-borne encephalitis in the northeast of the country (28 cases in Veneto14 in the Trentino skin Adige and in the Friuli-Venezia Giulia)
- 82 confirmed indigenous cases of Toscana virus, mainly in Emilia Romagna (37 cas), in Tuscan (17 cas), in Veneto (11 cases), in Marches (10 cas).
Toscana virus (OSV) reminders
TOSV is a neurotropic arbovirus of the family of Bunyaviridae (phlebovirus). Phleboviruses are widely distributed in the Mediterranean basin where they are transmitted by sand fly bites.
TOSV infections are observed from May to October in the Mediterranean basin, mainly in Italy, Spain, Portugal, Greece and Türkiye. In Italy (Tuscany), during the summer period, this virus is responsible for 80% of meningitis in children and 50% in adults. In France, seroprevalence was measured at 12% among blood donors in the Marseille region.
Clinically, Toscana virus infection is mostly asymptomatic or paucisymptomatic. When symptomatic, TOSV infections cause a “flu-like” syndrome that can be complicated by meningoencephalitis. The incubation period is 3-7 days and symptoms begin suddenly in the majority of cases.
The diagnosis of TOSV infection can be made by virus isolation, serology (ELISA) or amplification of
viral RNA (RT-PCR) in blood or CSF (early phase).
There is currently no specific treatment or vaccine.
Source : Higher Institute of Health.
