New Study Shows Eating Too Much Protein Can Damage Arteries
In a surprising turn of events, a new study published in the journal Nature Metabolism has revealed that consuming excessive amounts of protein can have detrimental effects on our arteries. The research, conducted by a team of experts from the University of Pittsburgh’s School of Medicine, highlights the potential risks associated with high protein intake.
The study found that consuming more than 22% of dietary calories from protein can lead to a condition called atherosclerosis. This condition is characterized by the buildup of fats, cholesterol, and other substances on the walls of our arteries. Over time, this buildup, also known as plaque, can narrow the arteries, impeding blood flow, or even cause them to burst, leading to the formation of blood clots.
Senior and co-corresponding author Babak Razani, MD, Ph.D., a professor of cardiology at the University of Pittsburgh, warns against the misconception that increasing protein intake is a surefire way to improve metabolic health. He states, “Our study shows that dialing up your protein intake in pursuit of better metabolic health is not a panacea. You could be doing real damage to your arteries.”
The data collected over the past decade indicates that Americans consume a significant amount of protein, primarily from animal sources. Shockingly, nearly a quarter of the US population gets over 22% of their daily calories from protein alone. This trend is likely due to the prevailing belief that dietary protein is essential for a healthy lifestyle. However, this study suggests that too much protein could be detrimental in the long run.
To put things into perspective, the National Institutes of Health recommends that women consume around 2,000 calories per day on average, while men should aim for 2,500 calories. If more than 440 calories for women or 550 calories for men come from protein, there is a risk of damaging the arteries. This is equivalent to consuming just about 6 ounces of steak, which is double the recommended portion size of 3 ounces.
In fact, it’s possible to consume an artery-damaging amount of protein before even reaching lunchtime. For example, two eggs (156 calories), four slices of bacon (172 calories), and a Greek yogurt (100 calories) would already exceed 400 calories. It’s important to note that foods high in protein include not only animal products like eggs and meat but also plant-based options such as lentils.
The study conducted by the University of Pittsburgh involved a combination of small human trials, experiments in mice, and cell studies in a petri dish. The researchers discovered that leucine, an essential amino acid and a signal for protein synthesis, plays a significant role in activating white blood cells and increasing the risk of atherosclerosis.
Dr. Bettina Mittendorfer, a metabolism expert at the University of Missouri, Columbia, who collaborated on the study, explains, “We have shown in our mechanistic studies that amino acids, which are really the building blocks of the protein, can trigger disease through specific signaling mechanisms and then also alter the metabolism of these cells.” This highlights the potential impact of different levels of leucine in plant-based and animal-based protein diets on heart health, blood vessels, and overall metabolic health.
The findings of this study have important implications for nutritionists, particularly those working in hospital settings. Often, these professionals recommend protein-rich diets to their sickest patients to preserve muscle mass and strength. However, this research suggests that blindly increasing protein intake may not be the best approach. Instead, a balanced diet should be considered, one that does not inadvertently exacerbate cardiovascular conditions, especially in individuals at risk of heart disease and vessel disorders.
Razani believes that this type of mechanistic research has the potential to inform future dietary guidelines. He states, “The potential for this type of mechanistic research to inform future dietary guidelines is quite exciting.” By understanding the precise mechanisms through which protein affects our bodies, we can develop more tailored and effective dietary recommendations that promote overall health and well-being.
In conclusion, while protein is undoubtedly an essential nutrient, this study serves as a reminder that moderation is key. Consuming excessive amounts of protein can have detrimental effects on our arteries, potentially leading to atherosclerosis. It’s crucial to strike a balance in our diets, ensuring that we meet our nutritional needs without putting our cardiovascular health at risk.
