When the James Webb Space Telescope began gathering data, it gave us an unprecedented view of the distant universe. Dim redshift galaxies that Hubble saw only as specks of light were revealed to be objects with structure and shape. And astronomers ran into some trouble. It is the oldest galaxy He looks very developed and very old Formed during the accepted universe timeline. This sparked many articles that boldly claimed that JWST had denied Big Bang. Now a new article is coming in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society He argues that the problem is not so advanced galaxies, but rather that the universe is twice as old as we think. 26.7 billion years to be exact. It’s a bold claim, but does the data really back it up?
The model proposed in the paper starts with something known as light fatigue. In the tired lamp model, the lamp automatically loses its energy over time. So when photons travel billions of light years through the universe, they experience a redshift. Thus, the light of distant galaxies is shifted not by cosmic expansion, but by the inherent reddish tint to the light over time. The idea of tired light has been around since Edwin Hubble first noticed cosmic expansion as a way to defend the idea of a stable state of the universe. Losing popularity like The evidence for cosmic expansion has become clear, He regained popularity when Webb’s records began to appear.
We’ve known for a long time that tired light doesn’t work by itself, so this paper adds a new twist in dealing with the universal constants of physics. Quantities such as the speed of light, the charge of electrons, or the gravitational constant seem to be built into the structure of the universe. They have values that they do because of the way the universe was formed, and are generally considered to have not changed over time. We have geological and astronomical observations showing that the physical constants do not change for at least a few billion years.
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Observations of the cosmic microwave background are no match for tired light. Credit: Ned Wright
But the new paper argues that if you combine the fading light with shifting physical constants, you can get a universe that appears smaller than it really is. Essentially, the strained light gives you the cosmic redshift you observe, and the gradual shift in physical constants means that these distant, mature galaxies are not only 100 million years old, but billions of years old. By fiddling with tired light and changing the physical constants That’s it To match the data, you get a universe that is 26.7 billion years old.
Does the model work? Yes, but there are two problems with that. The first is that Disk theory is a weak theory. While this model can be adapted to fit observational data, there is no material motivation to do so. There are many models that can be tweaked to fit the data, and this is not the same as having a solid physical model. The authors of the work argue that there may be an underlying mechanism that causes light fatigue and physical constants to shift in the right direction, but that there is still a lot of manipulation involved in the model.
The second problem is that JWST’s observations do not exclude a standard universe that is 13.7 billion years old. Galaxies are far more complex than some computer simulations suggest, but this is not surprising given the limitations of large structural models. There are many ways early galaxies evolved so quickly that they didn’t require rewriting cosmology.
But even without a strong financial incentive to build these models, the work is rewarding. This is the kind of paper that thinks outside the box, and it’s a great way to make sure we don’t get stuck in old paradigms just because they’ve worked so far. This new paradigm is unlikely to overturn standard cosmology, but as long as ideas are testable and disprovable, as in this model, there’s nothing wrong with adding them to the ideas pile.
reference: Gupta, R.;JWST Early Observations of the Universe and CDM Cosmology. ” Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society (2023): stadion2032.
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2023-07-16 02:34:20
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