Research team: “There must be a comprehensive cause.”
Entered 2024.02.14 16:10 Entered 2024.02.14 16:10 Modified 2024.02.14 12:05 Views 57
While there is controversy over whether premature birth causes autism in children, research has shown that there is no correlation between the two. This image is not related to the article. [사진=게티이미지뱅크]Research results have been published that refute existing research that premature birth increases the risk of autism in children. Preterm birth refers to giving birth before 37 weeks of pregnancy.
According to the National Health Review and Assessment Service, the number of autism patients increased by 65% in five years from 9,401 in 2017 to 14,548 in 2021. The cause of autism has not yet been accurately identified. However, it is assumed that genetic factors received from parents are the biggest factor. Other environmental factors include pre-eclampsia and exposure to heavy metals and teratogens (environmental hormones, microplastics, etc.) during pregnancy.
A research team led by Professor Sapir Eluk at Soroka University Medical Center in Israel collected records from hospitals and clinics in Israel between 2005 and 2017 and analyzed a total of 115,000 pregnancies and births. We then investigated whether infants born with autism were diagnosed with autism according to the timing of delivery.
Of the pregnancies analyzed, 0.3% (345) were extremely preterm, with birth occurring before 28 weeks, 0.6% (690) were extremely preterm, with birth occurring between 28 and 32 weeks, and 6% (6,900) were extremely preterm, with birth occurring between 32 and 32 weeks. Those delivered before 37 weeks were classified as moderate or late preterm birth. The remaining 93.1% were born after 37 weeks.
In an initial analysis, the team found a small association between preterm birth and the development of autism. In cases of extremely premature birth, the incidence of autism was 1.6%, which was more than twice that of full-term birth (0.7%). However, the rate of early preterm birth was 0.3%, which was more than two times lower than that of full-term birth, and the rate of moderate and late preterm birth was 0.8%, which was similar to that of non-preterm birth.
At this time, factors that could potentially be related to autism, such as race, mother’s gestational age, and infant gender, were adjusted and reanalyzed. As a result, the research team found that there was no significant correlation between premature birth and autism.
Professor Sapir Eluk said, “The exact cause of autism is so complex that it is difficult to pinpoint a single cause.” He added, “Research has shown that it was difficult to determine the relationship between premature birth and autism alone, and that autism is more a result of multiple factors operating simultaneously. “It will be,” he explained.
However, previous research results have shown that premature birth is a risk factor for autism.
A research team led by Casey Crump, professor of epidemiology at the Department of Family Medicine at Mount Sinai Medical Center in New York, USA, analyzed the health records of approximately 4 million children born in Sweden between 1973 and 2013.
As a result, among premature babies, those born between 22 and 27 weeks of pregnancy had the highest autism diagnosis rate at 6.1%. Moderately preterm infants born between 28 and 33 weeks of gestation were 2.6%, late preterm infants born between 34 and 36 weeks of gestation were 1.9%, and infants born between 37 and 38 weeks of gestation were 1.6%.
Professor Casey Crump said, “This is strong evidence that preterm birth is a risk factor for autism and suggests a causal relationship between preterm birth and autism.”
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2024-02-14 07:14:01
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