Researchers focused on an area on the red planet called Arabia Terra. About 4 billion years ago thousands of powerful and explosive supervolcanic eruptions filled the atmosphere with a huge amount of dust and toxic gases.
This condition occurred in a span of 500 million years and changed conditions from like Earth to what it is today.
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“Each of these eruptions will have a significant climatic impact, perhaps the gases being released make the atmosphere thicker or block the Sun and make the atmosphere cooler,” said geologist Patrick Whelley of NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center. Science Alert, Friday (17/9/2021).
Supervolcanic eruptions spewed more than 1,000 cubic kilometers of material into the atmosphere and into the surrounding terrain for up to thousands of kilometers. Although Arabia Terra has experienced this activity for a long time, Whelley and his team were able to uncover evidence on the Martian surface from data uncovered by the Compact Reconnaissance Imaging Spectrometer for Mars (CRISM). Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter.
In a paper published in 2013, we modeled how much material was ejected from the supervolcano’s eruption. Other papers suggest that the Arabia Terra terrain may contain ash deposits from ancient eruptions; and still others know the effect of the Martian atmosphere on the dispersion of ash.
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The three-dimensional topographical map of Arabia Terra then reveals how these minerals are layered. They are exactly where they were predicted to fall, 4 to 3.5 billion years ago.
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