Assoc. Prof. Dr. Thira Woratanarat, Faculty of Medicine Chulalongkorn University posted on Facebook Thira Woratanarat stating that February 12, 2023
Yesterday, around the world, there were 85,560 additional infections, 399 additional deaths, a total of 677,384,501 people, and a total of 6,781,153 deaths.
The top 5 most infected are Japan, Taiwan, Russia, South Korea and Austria.
As of yesterday, in the number of new infections, countries from Europe and Asia occupied nine of the top 10 and 18 of the top 20 globally.
The number of new infections per day around the world right now from Asia and Europe Together, it accounted for 97.76 percent of the world, while the number of deaths accounted for 89.47 percent.
Update knowledge of COVID-19 a lot today.
1. Paxlovid reduces hospitalization by 55% and reduces the risk of death by 85%.
Aggrawal NR and colleagues from the University of Colorado, USA, published the study in The Lancet Infectious Diseases on February 10.
The study was conducted between March and August 2022 to compare the morbidity rate leading to hospital admission and the mortality rate at 28 days among people infected with COVID-19. Of the 21,493 patients with mild symptoms, 9,881 had a history of taking Paxlovid and 11,612 had not.
The study found that taking Paxlovid reduced the risk of hospitalization by 55% and the risk of death by 85%.
2. How long will the vaccine protect us?
Wu N and colleagues from Canada A systematic review of the research was conducted. and performed a meta-analysis. To find out if the COVID-19 vaccination How long will it be effective in reducing the risk of infection, illness and death?
Published Feb. 10 in The Lancet Respiratory Medicine journal.
Review of studies from past to December 2022 with a total of 68 studies involving four vaccines, namely BNT162b2. [Pfizer–BioNTech]mRNA-1273 [Moderna]ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 [AZD1222; Oxford–AstraZeneca]and Ad26.COV2.S [Janssen]
It can be concluded that Completing the first course of vaccination (primary series) reduces the risk of infection by an average of 83% at the first 3 months after vaccination. But it drops quickly to 62% at 4 months.
While it reduced the risk of severe illness by an average of 92%, it decreased to 79% at 8 months and reduced the risk of death by an average of 91%, down to 86% at 6 months.
However, what must be emphasized is that the era with the Omicron epidemic found that the effectiveness of the vaccine will decrease than before. of infections, illnesses and deaths
In addition, if looking at the effectiveness of the booster vaccination Most of the available studies were during the Omicron outbreak, with an average of 70% efficacy in preventing infection, but it dropped to 43% at 4 months after the booster.
And reduces the risk of severe illness by 89%, but drops to about 71% at 4 months after injection, which research data to date is insufficient to conclude about the effectiveness of the booster vaccine in reducing deaths.
…This study highlights the importance of booster vaccination. Especially in the era of Omicron, a protracted epidemic like today.
and if following other research that have come to exchange them all the time will be found to be consistent Several studies have shown its efficacy in reducing the risk of severe illness and death. after needle injection should be at a level that is high enough to protect for about 7-11 months
3. Immune disorders among Long COVID patients
Yin K and colleagues from UCSF, USA Disseminate the results of laboratory studies. By comparing the immunological characteristics from the blood of a group of Long COVID patients with that of a group who had been infected but was not Long COVID
Published in bioRxiv Feb. 10.
It was found that Long COVID patients had a T-cell immune system abnormality with a large number of CD4 T-cells accumulating in the tissues where inflammation occurred. and functional exhaustion of CD8 T-cells.
The research team expects Immune abnormalities in Long COVID patients may arise from the presence of the virus in the body. This is consistent with the assumptions of other research teams around the world.
refer
1. Aggraval NR et al. Real-world use of nirmatrelvir–ritonavir in outpatients with COVID-19 during the era of omicron variants including BA.4 and BA.5 in Colorado, USA: a retrospective cohort study. The Lancet Infectious Diseases. 10 February 2023.
2. Wu N et al. Long-term effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines against infections, hospitalisations, and mortality in adults: findings from a rapid living systematic evidence synthesis and meta-analysis up to December, 2022. The Lancet Respiratory Medicine. 10 February 2023.
3. Yin K et al. Long COVID manifests with T cell dysregulation, inflammation, and an uncoordinated adaptive immune response to SARS-CoV-2. bioRxiv. 10 February 2023.
