Hot tubs have become increasingly popular among Americans, with as much as 17% of the country owning one, according to Statista. These luxurious additions to homes and hotels offer relaxation and comfort, but there are also several health benefits and risks associated with soaking in hot tubs for extended periods of time.
Improved cardiovascular health is one of the most consistently observed benefits of regular hot tub use. Tom Cullen, an assistant professor in the Centre for Physical Activity at Coventry University, explains that hot water can help with circulation, lower blood pressure, and reduce artery stiffness. These effects contribute to better cardiovascular function and overall heart health.
In addition to cardiovascular benefits, soaking in a hot tub before bed can aid in sleep. Dr. Rajkumar Dasgupta, a clinical associate professor at the University of Southern California, explains that entering a hot tub 1-2 hours before bedtime raises the body’s temperature and stimulates the natural cooling process upon exiting the warm water. This cooling process signals the brain that bedtime is near, preparing the body for sleep.
Hot tubs also offer mental health benefits. The warmth of the water can temporarily calm the nervous system and soothe the senses, reducing stress and promoting relaxation. Erin Engle, a clinical psychologist at NewYork-Presbyterian/Columbia University Irving Medical Center, suggests that hot tubs can be a useful place to practice mindfulness and slow down from the stressors of the day.
Relief from muscle and joint pain is another advantage of soaking in a hot tub. Arthur Cheng, an assistant professor in the Muscle Health Research Centre at York University, explains that hot water can help muscles recover faster, especially after prolonged endurance exercise.
However, it’s important to note that not all benefits associated with hot tub use are scientifically proven. Claims about detoxification through heat-induced sweating and improved outcomes from chronic illnesses are often overstated and lack scientific backing.
While hot tubs may offer some calorie-burning benefits, they should not be seen as a replacement for exercise. Sitting in a hot tub for 30 minutes may burn around 100 calories, but exercise provides numerous additional benefits such as weight loss, muscle strengthening, and bone health.
It’s crucial to consider the potential dangers of hot tub use as well. Certain groups of people, including the elderly, young children, and pregnant women, are advised not to use hot tubs due to the risks associated with elevated body temperature. Hot tubs can make it difficult for the body to cool down through sweating, which can be dangerous for these groups.
Hot tubs are also not recommended for individuals with cardiovascular or respiratory conditions, those who have experienced allergic reactions or skin conditions from water treatment chemicals, and people with peripheral neuropathy. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) advises that hot tub water temperature should not exceed 104 degrees and recommends checking chlorine and pH levels at least twice per day.
Regular maintenance and cleanliness are essential to prevent infection-causing bacteria from breeding in hot tubs. Open sores or wounds should be avoided when using hot tubs, as prolonged exposure to hot water can lead to symptoms like dehydration and dizziness.
To minimize risks, it is important to follow safety guidelines, limit soak times, stay hydrated, choose well-maintained hot tubs, and consult a doctor if unsure about using a hot tub.
In conclusion, while hot tubs offer various health benefits such as improved cardiovascular health, better sleep, and relief from muscle and joint pain, it is crucial to be aware of the potential risks associated with their use. By understanding the benefits and risks and following safety guidelines, individuals can enjoy the relaxation and therapeutic effects of hot tubs while prioritizing their well-being.
