A Transformation Underground: Montreal’s Innovative Transit Strategy

Montreal’s subway system, once grappling with issues familiar to many urban transit networks across the United States, is undergoing a significant transformation. The changes are so profound that even seasoned law enforcement professionals are taking notice. “It’s unprecedented to see empty benches here,” exclaimed police Officer Claudia Jetté, a 25-year veteran of the Service de Police de la ville de Montréal (SPVM), referring to the Saint-Laurent station, a location previously known for drug activity and homelessness. Now, the station primarily sees commuters efficiently moving through, a stark contrast to its previous state.

Similar improvements have been observed at other problem areas, including Place-des-Arts, berri-UQAM, and McGill stations. these stations had become increasingly chaotic since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, mirroring trends seen in major U.S. cities like New York City and Chicago, where transit systems faced similar challenges. The shift in montreal is largely attributed to a decisive policy change implemented by the Société de transport de Montréal (STM) in mid-March.

The STM’s strategy is both straightforward and possibly controversial: strict enforcement of existing regulations against loitering.Individuals not actively using the metro for transportation are now required to “circulate.” This policy represents the culmination of numerous attempts to address growing concerns about safety and security within the transit system, a concern echoed by riders in cities like Washington, D.C., and San Francisco.

Enforcement and Resources: A Multi-Layered Approach

The STM employs over 160 special constables, easily identifiable by their fluorescent vests. These officers conducted over 58,000 interventions last year, addressing issues ranging from aggressive panhandling to the use of illegal substances. This figure underscores the scale of the challenges previously faced by the STM and highlights the proactive measures taken to address them. These unarmed constables work closely with approximately 100 SPVM officers assigned to the metro system. While less visible, these police officers are busier than ever.

A significant strategic shift occurred in the fall of 2023. Metro police officers no longer respond to emergency calls for crimes within the subway system. Rather, incidents such as assaults at Henri-Bourassa station or pickpocketing at Radisson station are now handled by officers from the SPVM’s local precinct.This allows metro officers to focus on proactive patrols and enforcement of the anti-loitering policy, a strategy that mirrors the “broken windows” theory of policing, which emphasizes addressing minor offenses to prevent more serious crime.

This reallocation of resources allows for a more specialized and targeted approach to addressing crime and disorder within the metro system. By freeing up metro officers to focus on proactive patrols and enforcement, the SPVM can better address the specific needs of the transit system while ensuring that emergency calls are handled efficiently by local precinct officers.

Community Concerns and Balancing Act: Addressing Vulnerable Populations

The STM’s approach has sparked debate, raising questions about the rights of vulnerable populations and the potential for displacement. Critics argue that simply moving the problem elsewhere is not a sustainable solution and that it fails to address the underlying causes of homelessness and addiction. This concern is particularly relevant in the U.S., where debates about policing and social services are ongoing in cities across the country.

However, proponents of the STM’s strategy argue that it is necesary to ensure the safety and security of all riders and that it is not intended to punish or discriminate against vulnerable populations. They emphasize that the STM works closely with social service agencies to connect individuals in need with resources and support, including housing, mental health care, and addiction treatment. This collaborative approach is crucial to addressing the root causes of crime and disorder and ensuring that vulnerable populations receive the assistance they need.

The success of Montreal’s approach hinges on its ability to balance the need for increased safety with the rights and needs of vulnerable populations.This requires ongoing dialog and collaboration between law enforcement,social service agencies,and the community to ensure that policies are implemented fairly and effectively.

Technology and Innovation: tools for a Safer Transit System

Montreal’s strategy also relies on the use of technology to enhance safety and security within the metro system.Surveillance cameras are strategically placed throughout the system to deter crime and provide evidence in the event of an incident. Data analysis is used to identify crime hotspots and track patterns, allowing law enforcement to allocate resources more effectively. Improved communication capabilities among officers and with the main control hub lead to faster decision-making and a more coordinated response.

These technological advancements are similar to those being implemented in transit systems across the U.S., including the use of body-worn cameras by transit police officers, the deployment of gunshot detection systems, and the use of predictive policing algorithms. However, the use of technology also raises concerns about privacy and the potential for bias, highlighting the need for careful oversight and regulation.

Lessons for U.S. Cities: Adapting Montreal’s Model

The Montreal approach offers valuable lessons for U.S. cities seeking to improve safety and security in their own transit systems. While the specific context may vary, the fundamental issues of a clean, safe, and welcoming transit system are worldwide. Any city can tailor the Montreal model to its circumstances, but it’s essential to approach this with realistic expectations. The success of the transit system also requires constant adjustments as the system grows, and further collaboration requires a commitment to ongoing review, collaboration, and accountability.

Key takeaways for U.S. cities include:

• Prioritize Collaboration: develop a coordinated strategy involving law enforcement, transit authorities, social service agencies, and the community.
• Invest in Technology: Use surveillance, data analysis, and communication tools responsibly and effectively.
• Focus on Prevention: Address the underlying causes of crime and disorder, especially homelessness and addiction.
• be Transparent and Accountable: Cultivate public trust through open communication and a commitment to fairness.
• Evaluate and Adapt: Continuously assess the effectiveness of your strategies and adapt as needed.

By implementing these strategies, U.S. cities can create safer and more vibrant transit systems that benefit all riders.

Beyond Safety: The Broader Benefits of a Successful Transit Strategy

Beyond safety, a well-managed transit system can bring numerous benefits to a city, including:

• Increased ridership: A feeling of security naturally encourages commuters to use the transit system.
• Economic Development: Greater ridership sustains businesses nearby and encourages development.
• Environmental Benefits: Reduced traffic congestion can lead to many changes, along with reducing emissions and improving air quality.

These benefits highlight the importance of investing in transit safety and security as part of a broader strategy to create more livable, sustainable, and prosperous cities.